neuromuscular junction Flashcards
pyramidal and extrapyramidal are voluntary or involuntary?
pyramidal - voluntary
extrapyramidal - involuntary
what does central pathology look like
- increase muscle tone
- spastic paralysis
- hyper-reflexia
what does peripheral pathology look like
- decrease muscle tone
- flaccid paralysis
- hypo-reflexia
- muscle atrophy
NMJ is under voluntary or unvoluntary? pyramidal or extrapyramindal?
voluntary and pyramidal
what part of the brain is under involuntary extrapyramidal system
basal ganglia
pathology of basal ganglia
rigidity, akinesia/diskinesia
which receptor is involved in NMJ
nicotinic muscular (Nm) receptor
what happens with miniature endplate potentials (MEPPs)
triggered by release of small number of Ach vesicles (leakage)
how many vesicles involved in action potential
200 Ach vesicles
what do muscle relaxants work on (central or peripheral)
peripheral
what does muscle relaxants do
- reduce muscle spasm
- cause muscle paralysis
example of peripheral drug muscle relaxant
- d-tubocurarine (curare)
- succinylcholine
3 uses of muscle relaxants
- surgical procedures
- assist ventilation
- use with GA
spasmolytic drugs act on peripheral or central?
central
what do spasmolytic drugs do
decrease muscle spasms
example of central drug muscle relaxant
- benzodiazepine
- baclofen
what is central (spasmolytic) drugs used to treat
- back/neck pain
- fibromyalgia
NMJ peripheral are divided into which two types
- non-depolarizing
- depolarizing
non-depolarizing NMJ blockers for Nn
hexamethonium
trimethaphan
mecamylamine
non-depolarizing NMJ blockers for Nm
curare (d-tubocurarine)
decamethonium
non-depolarizing NMJ Nm blockers
- curare
- atracurium
- rocuronium
curare prevents the action potential from
shhooting up and depolarizing
curare versus atracurium overtime (onset and duration)
curare has a slower onset and longer duration
which drugs can protect against non-dep blockers
Muscarinic antagonist:
- atropine
- glycopyrrolate
