Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Shelf Exam Study Materials > Neurology: UWorld > Flashcards

Neurology: UWorld Flashcards

1
Q

Tx for MG

A

pyridostigmine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Gait apraxia: description, assoc. signs, cuases

A
  • “freezing”: starting to turn and hesitating
  • assoc signs: dementia, incontience, frontal lobe signs
  • causes: frontal lobe degeneration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Unilateral motor impairment + no sensory or cortical deficits + no visual field abnormalities ==> Lesion?

A

posterior limb of internal capsule (lacunar infarct)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

posterior limb of internal capsule occlusion ==> deficits?

A

Unilateral motor impairment + no sensory or cortical deficits + no visual field abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q 
Contralateral somatosensory & motor deficit
\+ eye deviation 
\+ homonymous hemianopsia
\+ aphasia
\+ hemineglect

= lesion?

A

middle cerebral artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

middle cerebral artery occlusion ==> deficits?

A

Contralateral somatosensory & motor deficit
+ conjugate eye deviation towards side of infarct
+ homonymous hemianopsia
+ aphasia
+ hemineglect (nondominant hemisphere)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

contralateral somatosensory & motor deficit @ lower extremity
+ abulia
+ dyspraxia, emotional disturbances, urinary incontinence

= lesion?

A

anterior cerebral a. occlusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

anterior cerebral a. occlusion ==> deficits?

A

contralateral somatosensory & motor deficit @ lower extremity
+ abulia
+ dyspraxia, emotional disturbances, urinary incontinence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

contralateral hemiplegia + ipsilateral CN
+/- ataxia

==> lesion?

A

vertebrobasilar system lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

vertebrobasilar system lesion ==> deficits

A

contralateral hemiplegia + ipsilateral CN

+/- ataxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

DM CNIII damage ==> ?

A
  • ptosis + down adn out gaze

- (sparing of parasymp) ==> normal light and accomodation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dementia w/Lewy bodies ==> sx?

A
  • alteration in alertness
  • visual hallucinations
  • extrapyramidal sx
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

New dx of MG ==> testing?

A

CT to look for thymoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Characteristics of central cord syndrome

A
  • often 2/2 hyperextension injuries

- weakness UE > LE + localized pain/temp sensation deficit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Anterior cord syndrome ==> ?

A
  • bilateral spastic motor paresis distal to lesion

- usually 2/2 occlusion of ant. spinal arter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Brown-Sequard syndrome ==> ?

A
  • BS = hemisection of cord; usually w/penetrating injury
  • ipsilateral: weakness, spasticity, loss of vibation/proprioception
  • contralateral: loss of pain/temp
17
Q

Most important risk factor for stroke

A

HTN

18
Q

Cause of lacunar stroke

A
  • microatheroma/lipohyalinosis of small penetrating aa.

- ==> internal capsule ==> pure motor

19
Q

Neuro fxn preserved in brain death

A

deep tendon reflexes

20
Q

N. that provides corneal sensation

A

V1 (opthalmic br.)

21
Q

Cause of hemi-neglect

A
  • hemi-neglect = ignoring left side of space

- 2/2 to injury @ right (non-dominant) parietal lobe

22
Q

Peripheral vs. central facial palsy

A
  • peripheral = loss of forehead/brow movements

- central = sparing of forehead/preservation of forehead/brow movements

23
Q

Cauda equina vs. Conus medullaris

A 
Cauda = n. root compression
bilateral radicular pain
saddle anesthesia
asymmetric motor weakness
hyporeflexia/areflexia
late bowel/bladder dysfxn
Conus =
sudden back pain
perianal anesthesia
symmetric motor weakness
hyperreflexia
early bowel/bladder dysfxn
24
Q

Features of myesthenia gravis

A
  • sx: intermittent eyelid drooping, double vision
  • ptosis bilateral
  • impairment of EOM
25
Q

Cause of benign positional vertigo

A

-dislodgement of otoliths (“otoconia”) fromm their usual position within the utricle ==> the semicircular canal

26
Q

Cause of impotence with use of SSRIs

A

abnormal serotonin levels/regulation ==> impairment of arousal and excitement

27
Q

C6 radiculopathy ==> ?

A
  • loss of sensation @ lateral arm/thumb
  • mild weakness of wrist extension
  • decreased biceps reflex
28
Q

Acoustic shwannoma ==> sx?

A
  • hearing loss
  • tinnitus
  • vestibular problems
  • facial numbness/tingling
  • rarely facial paralysis
29
Q

Lead poisoning ==> ?

A
  • limb ataxia
  • wrist or foot drop
  • GI problems
  • microcytic anemia
30
Q

Syringomyelia ==> ?

A
  • Syringomyelic syndrome = lesion of central gray matter
  • Pain and temperature fiber ==> bilateral loss of these sensations over several dermatomes
  • tactile sensation is spared
  • m. wasting @ upper extremities
31
Q

ALS ==> sx?

A
  • loss of anterior horn cells (lower motor neurons) in the spinal cord and motor nuclei of the brainstem
  • loss of large motor neurons or Betz cells (upper motor neurons) in the frontal cortex
  • degeneration of the corticospinal tract = axial/limb motor

Shelf Exam Study Materials (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions