Neurology Assessment and Diagnostics

Question 1

Brain CT Purpose

Answer 1

to visualize densities of the skull

Question 2

Brain MRI Purpose

Answer 2

provides information about chemical changes in cells and brain blood flow, aids in the diagnosis of brain tumor, stroke and MS

Question 3

PET scan Purpose

Answer 3

computer based technique that shows blood flow, tissue composition and brain function (also metabolic changes)

Question 4

Cerebral Angiography Purpose

Answer 4

examins cerebral circ, uses iv contrast, cath threaded through femoral artery or carotid

Question 5

Carotid Ultrasound Purpose

Answer 5

external probe placed over common carotid artery, noninvasive, measures blood flow velocity, increased flow may indicate carotid stenosis

Question 6

EEG Purpose

Answer 6

record of electrical activity generated in the brain- seizure disorders, coma, organic brain syndrome

Question 7

EMG Purpose

Answer 7

to diagnose neuromuscular disorders

Question 8

Brain CT PreTest

Answer 8

education about lying still during the procedure, relaxation techniques, sedation monitoring, IV contrast allergies, kidney function, fasting (4 hrs)

Question 9

Brain CT PostTest

Answer 9

Monitoring for allergies, kidney function, fluid intake is encouraged

Question 10

Brain MRI PreTest

Answer 10

education, history, no metal allowed, relaxation techniques

Question 11

Brain MRI PostTest

Answer 11

fluid intake if IV contrast is used

Question 12

PET Scan Pretest

Answer 12

explaining the test, inhalation techniques, sensations, relaxation techniques

Question 13

Cerebral angiography pretest

Answer 13

check BUN and creatinine, well hydrated, clear liquids, void immediately before, peripheral pulses are marked with a pen, expected sensations, neuro assessment, shave the appropriate area

Question 14

cerebral angiography posttest

Answer 14

neuro assessment, monitoring assessment site, monitoring pulses, color, temp, fluids encouraged, allergic reaction

Question 15

EEG Pretest

Answer 15

may be deprived of sleep before, anticonvulsants withheld, caffiene omitted but not the meal, takes 45-60 mins, different types of studies

Question 16

EEG post test

Answer 16

lubricant can be washed off for routine, sleep gel requires acetone

Question 17

EMG pre test

Answer 17

needles with electrodes inserted into muscle, measures electrical activity in response to nerve stimulation of the muscle, may be painful

Question 18

EMG post test

Answer 18

may feel achy after test

Question 19

Divisions of the nervous system

Answer 19

CNS and PNS

Question 20

Divisions of the brain

Answer 20

Cerebellum, cerebrum, brainstem

Question 21

12 Cranial nerves

Answer 21

Olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal

Question 22

Sensory Nerves

Answer 22

1, 2, 8

Question 23

Motor Nerves

Answer 23

3,4,6,11,12

Question 24

Mixed nerves

Answer 24

5,7,9,10

Question 25

Abnormal findings in a neuro assessment

Answer 25

altered loc, aphasia, abnormal pupils/ EOMs, nystagmus, ataxia, positive romberg, loss of sensory function, one sided function, absent corneal reflex, absent swallow/ gag reflex, positive babinski, neck rigidity, abnormal posturing

Question 26

Lumbar Puncture Purpose

Answer 26

to obtain CSF specimen and drain excess CSF

Question 27

Lumbar Puncture Pretest

Answer 27

Performed with pt on side in fetal position

Question 28

Lumbar Puncture Post test

Answer 28

flat for 1-2 hrs, then HOB 30-45, encourage PO fluids, observe for headache, leakage of CSF or bleeding

Question 29

Lumbar Puncture Abnormal Finding

Answer 29

Purulent, cloudy CSF