Neurology Flashcards
Give a cause of downbeat nystagmus
Arnold chiari malformations
Give a cause of upbeat nystagmus
cerebellar vermis lesions
what is associated with a greater risk of headach post LP
using a sharp needle - rather than atraumatic needle with introducer
Name drugs associated with benign intracranial hypertension
oral contraceptive pill, steroids, tetracycline, vitamin A, lithium
what is used to monitor resp function in guillon barre
FVC
how should a medication overuse headache be managed
if simple analgesia or triptans - stop abrupty
withdraw gradaully is using optiates
give examples of demylenating peripheral neuropathy causes
Guillain-Barre syndrome
chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP)
amiodarone
hereditary sensorimotor neuropathies (HSMN) type I
paraprotein neuropathy
give examples of axonal loss causing peripheral neuropathy
alcohol diabetes mellitus* vasculitis vitamin B12 deficiency* hereditary sensorimotor neuropathies (HSMN) type II
what neuropeptide is often low in narcolepsy
orexin
what are the features of ataxic telangectasia
cerebellar ataxia
telangiectasia (spider angiomas)
IgA deficiency resulting in recurrent chest infections
10% risk of developing malignancy, lymphoma or leukaemia, but also non-lymphoid tumours
antibodies directed against presynaptic voltage-gated calcium channel in the peripheral nervous system is the pathophysiology behind
lambert eaton syndrome
what is uthoffs phenomenon
the worsening of neurological symptoms when increased body temprature
classically associated with MS
what part of the hypothalamus is often invaded by craniopharyngomas and what can this result in after surgery
The ventromedial area of the hypothalamus is often invaded by craniopharyngiomas. This area of the thalamus controls the satiety center and it is removed during surgery, the patient can have uninhibited hunger leading to significant weight gain.
which antiepileptic drug is most likley to cause visual field defects
vigabatrin
what is miller fisher syndrome
variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome
associated with ophthalmoplegia, areflexia and ataxia. The eye muscles are typically affected first
usually presents as a descending paralysis rather than ascending as seen in other forms of Guillain-Barre syndrome
anti-GQ1b antibodies are present in 90% of cases
anti NMDA receptor encephalitis is associated with which malignancy
ovarian teratoma
what heart problem is associated with friedrichs ataxia
HOCM
where is the medial longitudinal fasiculus located
paramedian area of the midbrain and pons
how can you differntiate parkinsons disease from drug induced parkinsons
Rigidity and rest tremor are uncommon in drug-induced parkinsonism.
where is the chemoreceptor trigger zone located
medulla
anti yo
associated with ovarian and breast cancer
causes a cerebellar syndrome
anti GAD
associated with colorectal, breast and small cell lung cancer
causes ‘stiff, person syndrome’
anti hu
associated with small cell lung carcinoma and neuroblastomas
sensory neuropathy - may be painful
cerebellar syndrome
encephalomyelitis
anti ri
associated with breast and small cell lung carcinoma
ocular opsoclonus-myoclonus
what medication can be given to treat neuroleptic malgnanct syndrome
dantrolene
bilateral acoustic neuromas in associated with which condition
NF2
what is the most common complication following meningitis
sensorineural hearing loss
what medication can precipitate glaucoma
toperimate
what is the mechanism of action of baclofen
GABA agonist
