Neurology Flashcards
Phenytoin (Dilantin):
Anti-seizures, status epilepticcus
Risk to cardiovascular collapse ( watch Bp, pulse)
Adverse effect😫😫: ataxia, slurred speech, drowsiness Nystagmus, gingival hyperplasia and N/V.
Can cause Red, orange and amber urine
Nursing consideration🤓👌:
Good oral hygiene
Measure blood pressure
Comes also in suspension so shake before use
Contraindications: no bradycardia, no hypoglycemia
Narcotic use with Head injury
NO NARCOTIC USE WITH HEAD INJURY📣📣📣📣📣📣📣📣📣
IF TO USED: FOLLOW
Meperidine hydrochloride (Demerol) needs to be used with caution
Morphine sulfate is contraindicated- could increase ICP
Eyes exam
Fixed and dilated pupils indicated increase ICP
Strabismus
Also called crossed eyes. It is a situation in which both eyes cannot look in the same direction.
Assessment include:
Close one eyes 👀 to see the other objects
Multiple sclerosis
Demyelinization of the neurons
S/S:
Fatigue, tiredness, tremors, spasticity, parenthesis, Nystagmus, blurred vision, diplopia, blindness, dysphasia, decrease perception to pain, touch, and temperature 🤒. Abnormal reflexes. Memory changes and confusion and emotional changes.
Intervention:
Conserve energy
Place eye patch on the eyes for diplopia.
Instruct client to avoid fatigue, stress, infection, overheating and chilling.
Instruct client to increase fluid, increase potassium
Safety measures such as regulating temperature of water.
Post op Lumbar puncture
Placed patient in flat supine position to prevent headaches and leaking of CSF at the site
ICP
No coughing or deep breathing
Hyperventilate manually before and after suctioning
No prones
Space out activity
EEG
Patient needs to stay awake from 2am/3am for the test: so that way they can sleep while the test is done ✅ better result is yielded if patient are asleep
Phenobarbital (barbiturates)
Used as sedative hypnotic, can also be used as anticonvulsant.
It does not change urine color
It can increase vitamin D metabolism
S/E: nausea, constipation, and epigastric pain
