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CEN > Neurology > Flashcards

Neurology Flashcards

1
Q

Type of aneurysm generally has congenital defects.

A

Sacular aneurysm

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2
Q

Type of aneurysm is generally a result of necrotic vasculitis or septic emboli.

A

Mycotic aneurysm

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3
Q

Type of aneurysm is generally a result of a skull fracture that disrupts a vessel.

A

Traumatic aneurysm

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4
Q

Type of aneurysm generally a result of atherosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries.

A

Fusiform aneurysm

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5
Q

Cranial nerve Responsible for lateral eye movement.

A

Abducens nerve

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6
Q

The cranial nerve is the cranial nerve that affects the muscles used for facial expressions, eyelid closure, and lacrimal and salivary glands.

A

Facial nerve

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7
Q

The cranial nerve is the cranial nerve that affects the downward and medial eye movement.

A

Trochlear nerve

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8
Q

The cranial nerve is the cranial nerve that affects one’s vision.

A

Optic nerve

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9
Q

Gullain-Barre risk factors

A

Guillan-Barre syndrome is an acute paralytic disease that decreases myelin in both the nerve roots as well as the peripheral nerves. There are several identifiable risk factors for developing Guillan-Barre syndrome. They include the following: HIV, cytomegalovirus (CMV), or Hepatitis B; pregnancy; and Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

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10
Q

Posterior cord syndrome symptoms?

A

Patient with posterior cord syndrome will most likely experience preserved perception of pain, as well as motor function and temperature sensation. Additionally, they will lose deep touch, proprioception, and vibration.

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11
Q

Cauda equina presentations?

A

Patients with cauda equina syndrome will most likely experience lower extremity sensory

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12
Q

NSAIDS of spinal immobilization?

A

Neurological examination, Significant traumatic mechanism of injury, Alertness, Intoxication, Distracting injury, Spinal Examination

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13
Q

Part of the brain that is responsible and of controlling balance and synchronizing muscle action?

A

The cerebellum is responsible for controlling balance and synchronizing muscle action.

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14
Q

Part of the brain that is responsible for connecting the two cerebral hemispheres by the corpus callosum.

A

telencephalon

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15
Q

Part of the brain of the brain responsible for the regulation of temperature and the regulation of food intake.

A

Diencephalon.

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16
Q

Part of the brain responsible for relaying messages from the brain to the lower levels of the nervous system.

A

Brain stem.

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17
Q

Kind of tremor is associated with Parkinson disease and occurs when the muscle is relaxed.

A

Resting

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18
Q

Kind of tremor is associated with cerebellar disease.

A

Intentional tremor.

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19
Q

Kind of tremor is associated with metabolic encephalopathy.

A

Flapping tremor

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20
Q

Type of tremor is associated with stress.

A

Physiologic tremor.

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21
Q

This seizure is one in which an individual experiences an abrupt loss of muscle tone and may or may not fall.

A

Atonic

22
Q

This seizure is one in which an individual experiences an abrupt increase in muscle tone, which causes flexion of his/her arms and extension of his/her legs.

A

Tonic

23
Q

This seizure is one in which an individual experiences slow muscle contractions and relaxations.

A

Clonic

24
Q

This seizure is one in which an individual experiences short, quick symmetric or asymmetric muscle contractions in his/her torso, arms, and legs

A

Myoclonic

25
Q

Type of seizures are characterized by loss of consciousness and organized muscle tone. They were also once known as grand mal seizures.

A

Tonic - clonic

26
Q

Type of seizure may blink his/her eyes or smack his/her lips.

A

Absence

27
Q

Type of seizure that patient may experience skin flushing.

A

Partial seizure

28
Q

If the muscles or nerves in spinal cord segment _______ are injured, an individual could have functional issues with arm elevation or forearm flexion.

A

C5 -C6 injury

29
Q

If one has functional issues with shoulder shrugging, the muscles or nerves in spinal cord segment _____ are most likely injured.

A

C5

30
Q

If one has functional issues with hand gripping, the muscles or nerves in spinal cord segment ____ and ____ are most likely injured.

A

C8 and T1

31
Q

If one has functional issues with waist rotation, the muscles and nerves in spinal cord segment ___ - ___ are most likely injured.

A

T1 - T12

32
Q

Vitamin that supports the spinal cord and the peripheral nervous system. If a patient has a Vitamin B12 deficiency, it may cause pernicious anemia.

A

Vit B12

33
Q

Vitamin that supports the Krebs cycle.

A

Thiamine B1

34
Q

Vitamin that is active in many enzymatic reactions in the central nervous system.

A

Pyridoxine (B6)

35
Q

Vitamin that supports the synthesis of coenzymes.

A

Niacin

36
Q

This syndrome will most likely experience ipsilateral loss of position.

A

Brown-Sequard syndrome

37
Q

This syndrome will most likely experience lower extremity sensory loss.

A

Cauda equina

38
Q

Patients with this syndrome will most likely experience the loss of pain below the lesion.

A

Anterior cord

39
Q

Difference in lab values of viral and bacterial meningitis? Protein? Leukocytes? Glucose?

A

PROTEIN:
Viral: protein less than 200 mg/dl
Bacterial: more than 200
Normal: 15 to 45 mg/100ml

LEUKOCYTES:
Viral: Less than 1000 cells/ml
Bacterial: greater than 1000
Normal: 0 - 5

GLUCOSE:
Viral: elevated
Bacterial: low
Normal: 50 to 80 mg/100 ml

40
Q

Damage to what area of central cord will result in loss of voluntary movement?

A

Anterior corticospinal tract

41
Q

Correct dose of fosphenytoin/phisphenytoin (cerebyx) for status epilecticus?

A

15 to 18 mg/kg administered at 100 to 150 mgPE/min

42
Q

Minimum amount of time for pt to recieve 1 gram of dilantin?

A

20 mins

43
Q

To alleviate increased ICP associated with rapid sequence intubation of the head injured patient, pt needs?

A

Premedicate with nondepolarizing neuromascular blockinn agent like vecuronium (norcuron)

44
Q

Sydrome occurs due to hyperflexion and results in varaible degrees of motor function loss accompanied bynlossnof some sensation below the level of the lesion?

A

Anterior cord

45
Q

Syndrome result in loss if ipsilateral motorfunction and contralaeeal lossnof some sensation. Associated eith penetrating trauma such as GSW or stab wounds.

A

Brown-Sequard syndrome

46
Q

Syndrome describes an injury to lumbosacral nerve roots with varying degrees if motor and sensory loss in lower limbs.

A

Cauda equina

47
Q

Syndrome is seen after spinal hyperextension and associated with disease state such as syphilis.

A

Posterior cord

48
Q

Normal ICP range?

A

1 - 15 mmHg

49
Q

What will the pt exhibit with a complete spinal cord lesion at the levelnof C4?

A

Quadriplegia

50
Q

Doll’s eye phenomenon and ice water caloric response are helpful in testing for dysfunction of hat part of the brain?

A

Brain Stem

51
Q

Hallmark sign of basilar fracture?

A

Combativeness

52
Q

Cranial nerve that regulates pupil size and reactivity on the side ipsilateral to injury?

A

Cranial nerve 3 or oculomotor nerve

CEN (17 decks)

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