neurological assessment Flashcards
the icf is divided into what and what
functioining nd disability
contextual factors
whats the difference between a sign and symptom
a symptom is a subjective experience of disease observed by the patient
a sign ia an objective evidence of a disease than can be observed by others
factors to look after under subjective assessment
demographic data
chief compaint
past medical history
history of present condition
personal history
family history
socioeconomic history
seven areas of mental status needed for neurological assessment
level of awareness
attentiveness
orientation
speech and language
memory
higher intelectual function
mood and affect
two scales used in the neurological assesesment
glasgow coma scale…consiouness
mini mental state examination
glasgow coma scale consist of what
eye opening response
verbal response
motor response
lack of coordination or movements or rythm in dysdiadokenesia is caused by what
cerebellar lesions
what is the finger nose test used to diagnose
ataxia and tremor
in the finger nose test when is intention tremor present
when the patients finger shows a tremor on approaching the target finger
in the finger nose test when is dysmetria present
when thw patient overshoots the target
neurological assessments for cordination are
finger nose test
heel shin test
dysdiadochokinesia
what are we to check for in muscle size testing
atrophy
hypertrophy
psuedohypertrophy
growth asymetry
differences between spasticity and rigidity
SPACISTICITY
caused by lesions in the pyramidal tract i.e the corticospinal tract
it is velocity dependent
theres weakness
more resistance in one direction
more tone in the initial part of movementt
RIGIDITY
seen in extrapyrmidal tract i.e rubobrospinal or vestibulospinal tract
not velocity related
same resistance in all direction
two types of rigidity
leadpipe… constant resistance throuout the range of motion
cowheel… resistance is stopped and started throughout the rom motion
what is tremor and fasciculation
tremor…involuntary rythmic muscle contraction and relaxation involving movements of one or whole body
fasciculation…spontaneous discharge from whole or partial motor unit
features of the deep tendon reflex results
ammount of hammer force
velocity of contraction
strength of contraction
duration of contraction
duration of relaxation phase
response of other muscles that werent tested
in jaw jerk reflex whats the peripheric nerve
segmental innervation
pathology
trigeminus
pons
increase in lesions above the pyramidal tract
in biceps reflex whats the peripheric nerve and the segmental innervation
musculocutaneous
c5-c6
peripheric nerve and segmental innervation for the tricpeps reflex
radialis
c7-c8
superficial reflexes includes what
abdominal reflex
anal reflex
cremasterical reflex
pathological reflexes includes
babinski
chaddock
oppenheim
schaefer reflex
sensory assessment includes
superficial sensation
deep sensation
cortical sensation
the semmes weinstein monofilament test is used to test what sensation
touch
in the vibration perception the tuning fork should be at what frequency
128hz
what is sterognosis perception
obeject recognition
for speech impaired patients we used what instead of steregnosis perception
snesory testing shield
what test is ued to check the ability to localize touch sensation on the skin
tactile localization
what device is used to carry out the two point discrimination test
aesthesiometer or circular two point discriminator
what is used to test for simultaneous
dss… double simultaneous stimulation
differences btw upper motor neuron lession and lower motot neuron lession
in umnl there is
hyperreflexia
hypertonia
pathological reflexes
spasctic paralysis
in lmnl there are
hyporeflexiaa
hypotonia
fasciculations
atrophy
flaccid paralysis
