multiple sclerosis

Question 1

myelin sheath diseases of the cns can be divided into

Answer 1

dysmyelinating and deymyelinating

Question 2

functions of the myelin

Answer 2

an insulator
speeds up rate of impulses
protectsthe axon from damage
repairs injured fibers

Question 3

ms is what typye of deymyelinating disorder

Answer 3

inflammatory immune disorder

Question 4

types of demyelinating disorders

Answer 4

inflammatory
infectous
granulomatous
myelin disorders
toxic

Question 5

what is multiple sclerosis or ms

Answer 5

is a chronic, inflammatory , progressive demyelinating and neurodegenerative dieseas that involves immune mediated attacks on the cns

Question 6

what can be seen in ms or characteristics

Answer 6

relapses and remisions
inflammation and damage to the myelin sheath
diagnosed btw 20-30
females are more likely

Question 7

sites where the myelin is lost appeared as hard areas is called what

Answer 7

plaques or lesions

Question 8

what are the risk factors that affect ms

Answer 8

environmental factors
genetic
familial

Question 9

some symptoms of ms

Answer 9

numbness
pain
fatigue
muscle spasm
walking difficulty

Question 10

less common symptoms of ms

Answer 10

speech prob
swallowing
seizure
loss of taste
tremor
breathing problems
hearing loss

Question 11

what is the most common motor problems in the ms

Answer 11

upper extremities are hypotonic
lower extremities are spastic

Question 12

what are the signs we can see in the senory issue

Answer 12

parasthesis
dysethesias
Lhermittes sighn
pain
trigeminal
proprioception deficits

Question 13

signs seen when the brainstem is affected

Answer 13

dysarthria
dysphagia

Question 14

inflammation of the cns causes what

Answer 14

excacerbation of ms

Question 15

diagnosis of ms

Answer 15

ct mri
lumbar puncture
physical exam
evoked potential test

Question 16

types of ms

Answer 16

CIS Clinically Isolated
Syndrome

RRMS RelapsingremittigMS

SPMS Secondary progressive MS

PPMSPrimary progressive ms

Question 17

explain cis breifly

Answer 17

the episode must last for 24 hours and it has the characteristics for multiple sclerosis but doesnt meet the criteria for a diagnosis

Question 18

what happens in rrms

Answer 18

most common
characterized by attacks in which these attacks may include partial or full remissions or recovery

Question 19

what happens in spms

Answer 19

it starts with a relapsing perios and just gets worse overtime or progressive worsening and patients with rrms may progress to spms

Question 20

what hapens in ppms

Answer 20

worsening neurologic functions from the onset without any relapses or remissions

Question 21

factors that incrase the ms

Answer 21

trauma
pregnancy
extreme fatigue
hot bath
hot weather

Question 22

factors used for assessment

Answer 22

type of ms
drug used
last attack time

Question 23

explain the following points in the edss scale for ms
1.5,6.0,7.0

Answer 23

1.5 no disabillity
6.0=needs assistance to walk like a crutch or crane
7.0=starts to use wheelchai cause the patient cant walk

Question 24

in the management of ms what are the treatments of the following
symptoms
relapses
disease modifying therapies

Answer 24

symptms=managed with medications
relapses=treated with high dose glucocoricoids
disaese modifying therapies=reduce the frequency of relapses