Neurologic disorders: Intracranial Hypertension

Question 1

Progression from a higher to lower level of consciousness often is caused by what neurologic pathological process?

Answer 1

Increased intracranial pressure

Question 2

Several patterns of pupillary abnormalities are recognized in patients with increased intracranial pressure. What are they?

Answer 2

Mydriasis (responsive vs. severe and unresponsive), miosis (severe bilateral too)

Question 3

General supportive care for patients with intracranial hypertension includes -?

Answer 3

Oxygen supplementation, tracheal intubation, or mechanical ventilation to prevent hypoxia, head elevation, mannitol administration (0.5 - 1 mg/kg IV over 20 minutes), hypertonic saline fluid therapy, glucocorticoids