CC Concepts: Hypertension Flashcards

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1
Q

An elevated arterial blood pressure is concerning as a result of an increased of -?

A

Target organ damage

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2
Q

Long term blood pressure control is largely the responsibility of the ________ through the regulation of extracellular fluid volume.

A

Kidneys

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3
Q

What hypertensive associated ocular lesions are associated with an immediate need of lowering arterial blood pressure? What are other ocular lesions often seen as well?

A

Blindness, intraocular hemorrhage, and retinal detachment more commonly present for immediate ABP lowering. Other lesions include vessel tortuosity, edema, and retinal degeneration.

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4
Q

Hypertensive encephalopathy is a complication requiring immediate arterial blood pressure lowering. What clinical signs are associated with this?

A

Altered mentation, disorientation, lethargy, seizures, balance disturbances, behavioral abnormalities, and focal neurologic defects

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5
Q

What hypertensive injury is associated with the kidneys?

A

Increased renal decline and function, and proteinuria

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6
Q

Common diseases in dogs and cats that lead to hypertension include?

A

Kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, hyperadrenocorticism, hyperthyroidism

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7
Q

In order for appropriate treatment of hyperthyroidism, what drug classes are recommended for the following diseases?

  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Pheochromocytoma
  • Hyperaldosteronism
  • Kidney disease
A

Hyperthyroidism = Beta blockers

Pheochromocytoma = Alpha and beta blockers, surgery

Hyperaldosteronism = Aldosterone receptor antagonists, surgery

Kidney disease = Ca channel blockers, ACEi, angiotensin receptor blockers, aldosterone receptor anatagonists

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