Neurohistology

Question 1

the nervous system is divided into two parts. ___ and ___

Answer 1

CNS

PNS

Question 2

Cell body containing the nucleus

Answer 2

Perikaryon

Question 3

Sensory; highly branched tapering processes which either end in specialized sensory receptors or form synapses with neighboring neurones

Answer 3

Dendrites

Question 4

Motor; cylindrical process terminating on other neurones or effector organs by way of smaller branches / swellings called as terminal boutons

Answer 4

Axon

Question 5

T or F:
The cytoplasm of the cell body contains large aggregations of Rough endoplasmic reticulum–NISSL’s substancewhich extends into the dendrites

Answer 5

T

Question 6

Numerous dendrites project from the cell body

Answer 6

Multipolar

Question 7

Only a single dendrite which arises from the pole of the cell body opposite to the origin of the axon

Answer 7

Bipolar

Question 8

A single dendrite and axon arise from a common stem of the cell body

Answer 8

Pseudounipolar

Question 9

T or F

All SENSORY neurons and association neurons are Multipolar

Answer 9

F

All MOTOR neurons and association neurons are Multipolar

Question 10

T or F All MOTOR neurons are Pseudounipolar Except MOTOR neurons of special senses classified as Bipolar

Answer 10

F

All SENSORY neurons are Pseudounipolar Except SENSORY neurons of special senses classified as Bipolar

Question 11

Highly specialized intercellular junctions which allow communicationby linking neurones of each nervous pathway

Answer 11

Synapses

Question 12

T or F
The mechanism of conduction of the nerve impulse involves the release from MULTIPLE neurone of a chemical neurotransmitter which then diffuses across a narrow intercellular space to induce excitation or inhibition in the other neurone or effector cell

Answer 12

F
The mechanism of conduction of the nerve impulse involves the release from ONE neurone of a chemical neurotransmitterwhich then diffuses across a narrow intercellular space to induce excitation or inhibition in the other neurone or effector cell

Question 13

In ______ disease an early pathological feature is loss of synapsesfrom the Hippocampus and Cerebrum; the synapses mediating neurotransmission are affected; acetylcholine is rapidly destroyed once secreted by cholinesterases

Answer 13

Alzheimer’s

Question 14

______ of skeletal muscles have the same basic structure as other synapses; one motor neurone may innervate from a few to more than a thousand muscle fibers

Answer 14

Motor end plates

Question 15

Most common primary disorder of neuromuscular transmission; patients develop fatigue and muscle weakness

Answer 15

Myasthenia gravis

Question 16

What syndrome shows that there is an immune mediated destruction of myelin in the PNS; illness is often trigerred by an infection

Answer 16

Guillain-Barre syndrome

Question 17

Coverings of Nerves?

Answer 17

Endoneurium
Perineurium
Epineurium

Question 18

Group of neurons outside the CNS

Answer 18

Ganglion

Question 19

T or F

Injured fibers in Peripheral nerves have a good capacity for regeneration and return of function

Answer 19

T

Question 20

Onset of Regeneration is accompanied by changes in the ______

Answer 20

Perikaryon

Question 21

_____ cells proliferate, forming a solid cellular column that is distal to the injury and that remains attached to the effector cell

Answer 21

Schwann

Question 22

T or F
Degeneration is successful if the sprouting axon penetrates a Schwann cell column and reestablishes contact with the effector cell

Answer 22

F

REGENERATION is successful…