Neuroeffector Junctions III Flashcards
What will mimic effects of parasympathetic action by activating muscarinic receptors?
directly acting agonists
________ inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase can increase concentration of ACh and prolong lifetime in junction.
Reversible
Inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase are known as what?
indirect acting agonists
Carbamates are _____ ____ ____.
indirect acting agonists
Carbamates are indirect acting agonists and include these drugs: (3)
physostigmine
neostigmine
insecticide
What are direct acting muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist drugs? (2)
bethanecol
pilocarpine
Organophosphates are _______ inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase and increase concentration of ACh while prolonging lifetime in the junction.
irreversible
_____ can reverse the effects of irreversible inhibitors such as organophosphates.
Pralidoxime
__________ poisoning leads to STRONG PERSISTANT activation of ALL acetylcholine receptors, with enhanced activity at parasympathetic system due to actions at both ganglia AND muscarinic receptors.
Organophosphate
______ acting agonists have structures similar to acetylcholine.
Direct
_____ acting agonists inhibit acetylcholinesterase.
Indirect
An antimuscarinic drug is _____.
atropine
Increased concentration of junctional ACh competes with muscarinic blockers and surmounts blockade. This drug was successfully used by Mary Walker on patients with myasthenia gravis.
physostigmine
KNOW
________ antagonists of _______ receptors act at the agonist binding site to induce _______ block.
Competitive
muscarinic
surmountable
Many compounds have prominent antimuscarinic side effects. Tricyclic antidepressants, some competitive nicotinic antagonists, histamine blockers (benedryl), some phenothiazines. True or false?
True
Fused rings make molecule rigid, preventing receptor conformational changes needed for activation describe this class of drug.
muscarinic receptor antagonists
Anticholinergic drug is synonymous with what?
muscarinic receptor antagonist
Antihistamine with muscarinic receptor antagonism:
Diphenhydramine
This drug can produce hallucinations and disorientation and respiratory depression at a fatal dose.
atropine
What drug is not as effective as b2 agonists, but frequently used and used in management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
Ipratropium, a derivative of atropine
What is the treatment of poisoning by cholinomimetics?
atropine
What drug decreases motility and causes the pupils to dilate?
atropine
