NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS Flashcards
EXAMPLSE OF ADHD
finds it difficult to keep focuse
work is messy
can’t complete a full task
seems like they are not listening when you are having a conversation
loses important things- phones, wallet
avoids and dislikes tasks that take up a lot effort
forgets important things like paying bills, appointments
always fidgeting
shaking leg
runs about or climbs in situations when its inappropropriate
talks excessively, completeles people sentences
BUZZWORD OF ADHD
inattention
hyperactivity
why do we call them neurodevlopmental disorders
because they have an onset in the early devlepmental period of life and also there is not a clear cute distinction between adulthood and childhood
timeline of ADHD with impulsivity etc
impulsivity is more apparent in childhood
inattention is more apparent in adulthood
hyperactivity more apparent in childhood
key words of ADHD
inattention
hyperactivity
impulsive
when do children develop a sense of attention
6 or 7 years old
ratio men and women ADHD
males 2:1
risk factors for ADHD
biological; low birth weight, smoking duringg pregnancy + alcohol, family history
social : child abuse + neglect
dx
intellectual disability which also has inattention
bipolar people aoften suffer from impulsivity, , hyperactivity but these are episodic (last only during the manic episode)
tx ADHD
psychostimulants
sociotherapy/rehabilitation to learn how to structure their every day life
quick definiton of autism
peristsnet and pervasive deficit in social communication and interaction
signs of autism
difficulty making friends
behaviour seems odd, wooden
difficulties adjusting behaviour to different social sitautions
they like their rituals and routine - unfelxlible will eat the same foods every day
strong attachment to unusual things - (pan )
have an impaired awareness of others,
how does autism progress through life
the most obvious symptoms are more in childhood, because as the child grows they improve their development
rf for autism
biological : advanced paternal age , low birth weight , fetal exposure to valproate , genetic element as siblings can have it
ratio of genders in males to female
way more common in males diagnosed 4.5 x more in males
dx of autism
- schizophrenia in childhood but what is absent is hallucinations and delusions
- intellectual disability y
tx of autism
pharmacotherapy if severe behavioural problems are there or if there are epileptic seizures present
drugs such as risperdone(an atypical antipsychotic such as bipolar and schizo)
intellectual disability
involves both intellectual and adaptive functioning deficits
adaptive functioning
involves 3 domains
1. conceptual -academic
2, social - ability to communicate with others
3. practical - every day life, jobs, money
examples of mood stabilisers
valpoate + carbamazepine
