Neurodegenetive + CNS Disorders Flashcards
What happens to the gyri and sulci of the brain in Alzheimer’s?
Gyri get narrower
Sulci get wider
What neurodegenerative disease has the following symptoms:
- short term memory loss, disorientation, loss of social skills, bradykinesia?
Alzheimer’s
What is Alzheimer’s caused by?
Plaques deposited in ECM
Neurofibrillary tangles inside neurones (intracellular)
What protein forms plaques?
Amyloid B (beta)
What protein forms Neurofibrillary tangles?
Hyperphosphorylated TAU protein
What type of pathways are particularly affected in Alzheimer’s?
Cholinergic
What are the current treatments for Alzheimer’s?
AChE inhibitors
What neurodegenerative disorder has the following symptoms:
- muscle weakness, fatigue, problems with coordination, pain?
Multiple sclerosis
What happens to the brain in MS?
Decreases in size
Lateral ventricles become misshapen and enlarged
What causes MS?
Autoimmune attack of oligodendrocytes
Myelin sheath degrades
What neurodegenerative disorder is characterised by a tremor, akinesia and rigidity?
Parkinson’s
What causes Parkinson’s?
Degradation of neurones in substantia nigra.
Loss of DA neurones = greater activity in motoneurones = rigidity in skeletal muscle
What neurodegenerative disease is:
- Inherited
- Autosomal dominant
- CAG (polyglutamine) repeat
Huntington’s
Major symptom if Huntington’s is?
Gross choreiform movements
What causes Huntington’s?
Loss of neurones in cerebral cortex and corpus striatum
Loss of GABAergic and Cholinergic neurones
