Neurodegenerative disease

Question 1

Definition of Neurodegeneration?

Answer 1

Loss of specific type of neurons, pattern and distribution of neurons. Leading to CNS dysfunction progressively and untreatable

Question 2

Alzheimers cause and problems?

Answer 2

Incorrect cleavage of amyloid precursor protein leading to amyloid plaques. Neurofibril tangles due to misfolding of tau.
Progressive loss of Brain volume

Question 3

Alzheimers treatment?

Answer 3

Since first Neurons lost are cholinergic, treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors. Has moderate effect on cognitive function

Question 4

Parkinsons disease cause?

Answer 4

Dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta involved in the direct pathway and inhibition of indirect pathway are lost. Leads to motor dysfunctions

Question 5

Parkinsons treatment?

Answer 5

L-DOPA to artificially increase dopamine
MAO-B inhibitors to preserve existing dopamine
Deep Brain stimulation
Lesion

Question 6

Creutzfeld-Jacobs disease ?

Answer 6

Due to Prion protein misfolding
Misfolded PrPsc catalyzes conversion of healthy PrPc to PrPsc. Exponential scaling