Neurochemistry And Neurophysiology Of Nerve Transmission Flashcards
List the 5 parts of a cell
Soma (cell body) Dendrites Axon Myelin sheath Presynaptic terminals
What’s the difference between efferent and afferent?
Afferent carries info to
Efferent carries info away
Which 2 places are clusters of cell bodies found?
NS nucleus
PNS ganglion
Which 2 places will you find clusters of axons?
NS tract
PNS nerve
What are micro glia?
Removes waste materials and microorganism virus/fungi
Oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells build myelin sheath, true or false
True
What’s the radial glia?
They guide migration of neurons and growth of axon
List 3 ways our body protects the NS?
Skull
Backbone
Blood-brain barrier
What can get through blood-brain barrier?
O2 and co2
What’s a nerve impulse?
Neurons conduct info via electrical impulses
What do the glia do?
Receive and transmit info and support neurons
Remove waste materials
What is the resting potential?
When more negative inside cell than outside
What chemicals are present in negative
Chloride and protein
What chemicals are present in positive?
Sodium and potassium
What are the 4 steps of action potential?
1) concentration gradient
2) electrical gradient
3) membrane permeability
4) sodium potassium pump
What is the action potential?
Response of neutron to stimulation above certain threshold which results in depolarisation, Neuron becomes less negative
What’s the all or nothing law?
The amplitude and velocity of AP are independent of the initiating stimulus
What happens at AP exactly?
Na enters cell
K leaves cell
Na and k pump restores original ion distribution
What can’t happen immediately after AP?
Cell cannot produce another AP (refractory period)
Where does the AP begin?
Axon hillock
What 2 things help the conduction speed?
Avon diameter and myelin sheath
Name the 3 parts of the synapse?
Presynaptic terminal
Synaptic cleft
Post synaptic neurons
What’s the key in lock system?
Specific receptors for specific neurotransmitter
What are ion tropic receptors?
Fast, short glutamate GABA for vision and hearing
