Neuroanatomy final Flashcards
Input/output of the cerebellum via inferior cerebellar peduncles
INPUT
1. vestibular nuclei and vestibular nerve -> vestibulocerebellar cortex and fastigial nuclei
- receptors both deep (especially muscle spindles) and superficial -> impulses via fibers that pass through lateral area of spinal cord and brainstem to enter cerebellum
- Inferior olivary nuclei
- recieve input from cerebral cortex, reticular formation and red nucleus
- send CLIMBING (OLIVOCEREBELLAR FIBERS) to the contralateral cerebellum
OUTPUT
- FIbers to vestibular nuclei from the fastigial nucleus and cortex of vestibulocerebellum (flocculonodular lobe)
- for balance and eye movements - Reticular formation
- contains reticular nuclei that receive fibers from fastigial nucleus and influence LMNs via reticulospinal tracts
- involuntary motor activities and balance
Input to cerebellum via middle cerebellar peduncle
pontine nuclei send pontocerebellar fibers to contralateral cerebellum (mossy fibers) - cerebellar cortex and deep nuclei
Outflow of cerebellum via superior cerebellar peduncle
- SCP contains fibers from dentate and interposed nuclei
- travel to and terminate in contralateral red nucleus as cerebellorubral fibers
- travel to and terminate in the contralateral thalamus (VL) as cerebellothalamic fibers
RUBROSPINAL TRACT
- magnocellular division of red nucleus
- adjustment of arm position in response to balance information
Identify 3 coats in the eyeball and their major specializations
Outer coat
-cornea and sclera
Middle coat
- choroid layer - containing pigmented cells
- ciliary body - with unstained ciliary muscle
- Iris
Inner coat
-retina (deep to the pigmented layer)
Blood supply to the neural retina
Arises for the opthalmic artery (central artery of retina and ciliary arteries)
- central artery of retina -> inner portion of retina
- posterior ciliary arteries -> form the choroidocapillary plexus in the choroid; provide nutrients to outer portions of neural retina, rods and cones
Blood supply to the internal capsule
SUPERIOR PART
- lenticulostriate arteries aka lateral striate arteries.
- come off the MCA
INFERIOR PART
A) posterior limb - anterior choroidal artery
-can come off the internal carotid or MCA
B) Anterior limb and Genu - medial striate
-branch of the ACA and AComm
Medial striate arteries
- branch from the?
- supply to the?
-ACA and AComm
- inferior portions of the genu and anterior limb of internal capsule
- optic chiasm
- anterior hypothalamus
Recurrent artery of Heubner
- comes off of which striate?
- supplies?
- medial striate artery
- supplies the head of the caudate
Lateral striate (lenticulostriate arteries)
- branch off the
- supply to
- MCA
- body of caudate, lentiform nucleus, superior part of internal capsule
Anterior choroidal artery
- branch from
- supplies
-Internal carotid artery or MCA
- inferior part of lentiform nucleus
- inferior part of posterior limb of internal capsule
- retrolenticular and sublenticular fibers of the internal capsule
- optic tract
- medial temporal cortex
- choroid plexus of lateral ventricle
- hippocampal formation
- amygdaloid complex
Posterior penetrating arteries come off the?
2 parts and structures they supply?
-PCA and PComm
Posteromedial group
- anterior thalamus
- substantia nigra
- subthalamic nucleus
- middle and caudal hypothalamus
Posterolateral group
-posterior thalamus
Internal cerebral vein is formed by which 2 veins joining at which location? what is this location called?
2 internal cerebral veins join to form what which ultimately drain into what?
Septal vein + thalamostriate vein
At the interventricular foramen = venous angle
form the great cerebral vein of galen -> joins inferior sagittal sinus to form straight sinus
Basal vein of rosenthal drains into
Cerebral vein of Galen
Basal forebrain
- aka
- location
- function
- contains which pathway
- aka anterior perforated substance
- b/w hypothalamus and medial temporal lobe
- contains nuclei that are part of emotion and attention systems
- major output pathway for the amygdala - VAFP
Processing center in communications b/w amygdala, emotion cortex and limbic basal ganglia
DM nucleus of thalamus
