Neuroanatomy Flashcards
The nervous system is divided into the ____ and then ____.
CNS (central nervous system)
PNS (peripheral nervous system)
The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the ____ and the _____ ___, lying within the protection of the ____ and ______ ______, respectively. This is the most complex part of the nervous system. It contains the majority of nerve cell bodies and synaptic connections.
brain
spinal cord
cranium
vertebral column
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is a
link between the CNS and the peripheral limbs (e.g. hand, legs) and organs. It relays information back and forth between the CNS and extremities.
What are the four lobes of the brain which are present on each cerebral hemisphere?
Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe
Function of anterior cingulate and example?
Motivation e.g. tells you to get up in the morning
Function of frontal lobe and example?
Planning e.g. what to do for the day
Function of dorsolateral prefrontal and example?
Logical and executive e.g making decisions
Function of olfactory bulb and example?
Involved in smell e.g. when something is burning
Function of lateral orbitofrontal and example?
Appropriate social/ emotional response e.g. regulates behaviour by inhibiting the influence of a broad scope of sensations, feelings, thoughts, and actions. It is argued that the region facilitates successful goal-oriented behaviour by inhibiting the influence of emotional feelings or perceptions.
Function of hypothalamus and example?
Hormone regulation e.g. Hormones produced by this area of the brain govern body temperature, thirst, hunger, sleep, moods, sex drive, and the release of other hormones in the body
Function of amygdala and example?
Basic emotions that are activated during fear or very emotional events e.g. in a very stressful (death) or very happy (achievement) situation.
Function of entorhinal cortex and example?
Memory e.g. names of people
Function of hippocampus and example?
Memory e.g. who you are, where you live
Function of brain stem and example?
Body basics/ what keeps you alive - unconscious control of body e.g. breathing, heart rate
Function of cerebellum and example?
Coordinate movement/ hand-eye coordination e.g. riding a bike/ running
Function of temporal lobe and example?
Communication e.g. understanding/ speaking a language
Function of occipital lobe and example?
Vision/ processing visual information e.g. watching TV
Function of parietal lobe and example?
Movement e.g. picking objects up
Condition name where you cannot process sensory information?
Agnosia/ spatial disorientation
Condition name where you cannot remember information?
Amnesia
Condition name where you cannot perform executive functions?
Frontal lobe syndrome
Condition name where you cannot form purposeful movement/ pick stuff up?
Apraxia
Condition name where you cannot do simple mathematical tasks?
Acalculia