Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Unit 4 > Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Cranial nerves originating in Medulla

& consequential Medulla pathology presentation

A
  • Glossopharyngeal (9), Vagus (10), Hypoglossal (12), Spinal Accessory (11)
  • Ataxic, disrupted breathing, irregular heartbeats
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Cranial nerves originating in Pons

& consequential Pons pathology presentation

A
  • Trigem (5), Abducens (6), Facial (7), Vestibulocochlear (8-partially in medulla)
  • Loss of facial sensation, medial eye deviation, facial muscle weakness, ipsilateral hearing/balance issues
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cranial nerves originating in Midbrain

& consequential Midbrain pathology presentation

A
  • Oculomotor (3), Trochlear (4)

- Dilated pupil, restricted eye movements, coma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Precentral gyrus

A

Somatosensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Postcentral gyrus

A

Motor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Superior parietal lobule lesion

A

Apraxia–inability to bring limb under sensory or cognitive control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Inferior parietal lobule lesion

A
  • Dominant hemisphere=Wernicke’s

- Nondominant hemisphere= contralateral hemineglect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Heschel’s gyrus

A
  • In temporal lobe

- Bilateral damage produces an inability to identify sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Inferior frontal gyrus

A
  • Dominant hemisphere=Broca’s area

- If damaged=inability to generate fluent speech, but can understand completely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Prefrontal cortex

A
  • Personality, planning and sequencing of complex tasks

- Damage can lead to personality changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Anterior Spinal Artery Stroke

A
  • Affects ventral 2/3 of SC and the medial medulla
  • Branch in SC: paralysis, loss of pain and temp sense below the occlusion
  • Branch in medulla: contralateral sensory loss and paresis, ipsilateral tongue paralysis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

PICA Stroke

A
  • Affects dorsolateral medulla/pons, medial cerebellum, and cerebellar cortex
  • Wallenberg’s syndrome: vertigo, loss of balance, ipsilateral cerebellar signs, loss of facial pain sensation, hoarsness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

AICA Stroke

A
  • Affects inferior surface of cerebellar cortex, dorsolateral pons
  • Ipsilateral cerebellar signs, facial paralysis, ipsilateral hearing loss, loss of pain and temperature over face ipsilaterally
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Basilar branches stroke

A
  • Affects pons, anterior midbrain (crus cerebri)

- Paralysis and loss of sensation in the face, body and limbs; can affect eye movements, diplopia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Superior cerebellar stroke

A
  • Affects superior surface of cerebellum, dorsolateral corner of rostral pons
  • Ipsilateral cerebellar signs, contralateral pain and temp loss, Horner’s
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Posterior cerebral stroke

A
  • Affects occipital lobe, medial portions of parietal and temporal lobes, anterior & posterior midbrain, crus cerebri, posterior thalamus
  • Unilateral: blindness in visual field contralateral to affected side, alexia
  • Top of the basilar: bilateral blindness, memory loss, somatosensory loss, coma, death
17
Q

Posterior communicating branches stoke

A
  • Affects anterior midbrain, crus cerebri, thalamus

- Contralateral paresis, coma, death

18
Q

Middle cerebral stroke

A
  • Most common
  • Affects lateral surface of the cortex, insula
  • Contralateral paralysis and sensory loss; apraxia, aphasia, partial blindness
19
Q

Anterior cerebral stroke

A
  • Affects medial surface of parietal and frontal lobes

- Contralateral paralysis and sensory loss in leg and foot, sometimes apraxia

20
Q

Lenticulostriate stroke

A
  • Affects basal ganglia, amygdala, internal capsule, anterior thalamus
  • Involuntary movements, paralysis, sensory deficits over entire 1/2 of body (contralateral), homonymous visual field deficits
21
Q

Anterior choroidal stroke

A
  • Affects hippocampus, anterior choroid plexus, posterior internal capsule
  • Paralysis, sensory deficits, visual field defect
22
Q

Basal ganglia components

A
  • Caudate, putamen (together the striatum), and globus pallidus
  • Also substantia nigra and subthalamic nucleus
23
Q

Interventricular foramen/Foramen of Munro

A

-Allows communication from lateral ventricles to the third ventricle

24
Q

BBB capillary endothelium specializations

A

-Tight junctions, few endocytic vesicles, high number of mitochondria

25
Q

CSF exits 4th ventricle through

A
  • Foramen of Magendie at midline of caudal edge of the ventricle
  • Foramen of Luschka at the lateral edge of the ventricle

Unit 4 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions