Neuroanatomy Flashcards
Brain development
Sensory and motor process mature first, followed by association areas involved in top-down control of behavior (reason, attentional control). Proliferation and migration of cells during fetal development. Regional changes in synaptic density during postnatal development. Continuing development of myelination well into adulthood. Cortical function becomes fine-tuned.
Dorsal
Meaning “above,” sometimes referred to as superior
Medial
Meaning “middle”
Anterior
Meaning “front,” sometimes referred to as frontal or rostral (beak)
Posterior
Meaning “tail,” sometimes referred to as caudal
Lateral
Meaning “side”
Ventral
Meaning “below” or belly,” sometimes referred to as inferior.
Meninges
membranous coverings of the brain; stabilize the shape and position of the CNS during head and body movements.
Gray matter
Dendrites & synapses & cell bodies.
White matter
Bundles, or “tracts,” of myelinated axons.
Cerebral cortex
the brain’s outer “bark” layer
Neocortex - Layers
1: Few cell bodies, axons/dendrites from elsewhere.
2,3,5,&6: sending layers.
4: Primary receiving layer
Fissura Longitudinals
Divides the two hemispheres.
Corpus Callosum
Hard body. White matter - functionally connects the two hemispheres.
Sylvian Fissure/Lateral Sulcus
Separates temporal lobe from parietal and frontal lobes.
