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Biopsychology > Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Definition: Nervous System

A
  • Coordinates voluntary and Involuntary actions and transmits signals to form part of body.
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2
Q

What is the Nervous System split into?

A
  • Central nervous System (CNS)
  • Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
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3
Q

What are the three main layers that protect the CNS ?

A
  • Skull and spine
  • Meninges
  • Blood brain barrier
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4
Q

What are the three layers of Meninges ?

A
  • Dura matter
  • Arachnoid
  • Pia Matter (pious mother)
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5
Q

Dura matter

A
  • Closest to the skull
  • Tougher case
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6
Q

Arachnoid

A
  • Web like appearance
  • Contains Cerebrospinal fluid
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7
Q

Pia Matter (pious mother)

A
  • Tightly wrapped around brain
  • Conforms to shape and all contours of brain
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8
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid

A
  • Provides nutrients to brain
    > eg. electrolytes and glucose
  • Sub-arachnoid space below Arachnoid
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9
Q

Blood Brain Barrier

A
  • Prevents toxic substances from getting into the brain
  • eg. Antigens (viruses,bacteria)
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10
Q

Lipophobic

A
  • Dosen’t get absorbed by fat
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11
Q

What components is the Peripheral Nervous System divided into ?

A
  • Automatic Nervous System (ANS)
  • Somatic Nervous System (SNS)
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12
Q

Automatic Nervous System (ANS)

A
  • Automatic Internal processes
  • eg. Heartbeat, temperature, breathing
  • Split into Sympathetic/Parasympathetic
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13
Q

Somatic Nervous System (SNS)

A
  • Voluntary Actions
  • Interacts with external environment
  • Split into Cranial/Spinal
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14
Q

Afferent Nerve

A
  • Carry signals to the CNS
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15
Q

Efferent Nerve

A
  • Signals away from the CNS
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16
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A
  • Conserves energy
  • Relaxes body
17
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A
  • Mobilises energy for stressful situations
  • Psychological arousal
18
Q

What is the collection of axons and cell bodies called in the CNS ?

A
  • Axons > Tracts
  • Cell bodies > Nuclei
19
Q

What is the collection of axons and cell bodies called in the PNS ?

A
  • Axons > Nerves
  • Cell bodies > Ganglia
20
Q

Cerebral Cortex

A
  • Tissue layer that covers the 2 Hemispheres of the brain
21
Q

Why are the convolutions important on the brain ?

A
  • Increase the amount of cortex without increasing volume
22
Q

Sulcus (sulci)

A
  • Groove or Furrow on surface of brain
23
Q

Central Sulcus

A
  • Ear to ear sulcus
  • Separates the Parietal lobe and Frontal lobe
24
Q

Fissure

A
  • Long narrow crack
  • (Deep sulcus)
  • Main crack that seperates the 2 hemispheres
25
Q

Gyrus (Gyri)

A
  • Ridge or fold on the surface of the brain
26
Q

Lobe

A
  • Roundish, flattish projecting or hanging part of something
  • Often one or more parts divided by a fissure
27
Q

What are the 3 sections of the brain ?

A
  • Forebrain
  • Midbrain
  • Hindbrain
28
Q

What are the 5 main divisions of the brain ?

A
  • Telencephalon
  • Diecephalon
  • Mesencephalon
  • Metencepalon
  • Mylencephalon
29
Q

Which of the 5 main divisions are located in the Forebrain ?

A
  • Telencephalon
  • Diencephalon
30
Q

Which of the 5 main divisions are located in the Midbrain ?

A
  • Mesencephalon
31
Q

Which of the 5 main divisions are located in the Hindbrain ?

A
  • Metencephalon
  • Mylencephalon
32
Q

What components are within the Telencephalon ?

A
  • Basal Ganglia
    > Behaviour/emotions, primary motor control etc.
  • Limbic system
    > Fight/flight, sexual behavoiur etc.
  • Cerebral cortex
    > ‘Human parts’
33
Q

What components are within the Diencephalon ?

A
  • Thalamus
    > Controls input to cerebral cortex
  • Hypothalamus
    > ANS, Sleep/arousal, control endocrine system etc.
34
Q

What components are within the Mesencephalon ?

A
  • Tactum
    > Eye movement, Audiotory
  • Tagmentum
    > Reduced pain perception, movement etc.
35
Q

What components are within the Metencephalon ?

A
  • Cerebellum
    > Visual, audiotory, balance, movement
    > Modulates motor skills etc.
36
Q

What components are within the Mylencephalon ?

A
  • Pons
    > Facial muscles, sleep/arousal
  • Medulla
    > Cardiovascular system, swallowing, coughing etc.

Biopsychology (6 decks)

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