Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biopsychology > Hormones and Sexual Development > Flashcards

Hormones and Sexual Development Flashcards

1
Q

Endrocrine system

A
  • uses chemicals (hormones)
  • greek word ‘hormon’ meaning ‘to excite’
  • most hormones synthesised by endocrine glands
  • useful for coordinating long lasting changes in the body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Endocrine system hormones

A
  • do not act in isolation
  • more than 50 different hormones may be circulating at once
  • most hormones bind to receptors on the membrane of target cell
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Types of hormone

A

Amine- synthesised from one amino acid (tyrosine)
Peptide and Protein Hormones made from multiple amino acids
Steroids Hormones made from cholestrol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Pineal gland

A
  • releases melatonin
  • increases sleepiness
  • influences the sleep/wake cycle
  • has role in the onset of puberty
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hypothalamus

A
  • influences the release of hormones by the pituitary gland
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Thyroid gland

A
  • releases thyroid hormones
  • Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronnie (T3)
  • primarily responsible for regulation of metabolism
  • help regulate growth and maturation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Parathyroid gland

A
  • releases parathyroid hormone
  • regulates calcium levels within the blood and bones
  • calcium is element that allows the normal conduction of electrical currents along nerves and causes muscle contraction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Thymus gland

A
  • releases thymosin
  • supports the body’s immune system
  • particulary active in children to develop lymphoid system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Adrenal cortex

A

Mineralcorticoids
- reduces the secretion of salts by the kidneys
- controls blood volume and regulates blood pressure

Glucocorticoids
- cortisol stimulates the liver to increase blood sugar
- increases metabloism of proteins and fats for energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Adrenal Medulla

A

Adrenaline
Noradrenalime
- these prepare the body for vagarious action especially fight or flight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The Pancreas

A
  • maintains blood sugar levels and releases:

Insulin
- helps glucose move from blood to cells where its used for energy

Glucagon
- releases glucose stored in liver into bloodstream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The ovaries

A

Oestrogen
- promotes female sexual characteristics

Progesterone
- helps prepare the uterus for/maintain pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The testes

A

Androgen’s
- promotes sperm production
- growth on pubic hair
- male sexual characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Tropic hormones

A
  • influence the release of other hormones
  • most produced by the anterior pituitary gland
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The pituitary gland

A
  • master gland
  • fusion of 2 glands which come together during embryological development
  • Anterior pituitary (glandular tissue)
  • Posterior pituitary (neural tissue)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Anterior Pituaitary

A
  • the same embryonic tissue which formed the roof of the mouth
  • during development it pinched off and migrated upward to sit beside the posterioir
17
Q

Posterior Pituitary

A
  • originated from an outgrowth of hypothalamic tissue on the end of the pituitary stalk
18
Q

Anterior Pituitary: growth hormone (Somatotropin)

A
  • stimulates growth in childhood and important for maintaining healthy body composition
  • in adults improtant for maintaining muscle mass and bone mass
19
Q

Anterior Pituitary: Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

A
  • stimulates thyroid gland
20
Q

Anterior Pituitary: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)

A
  • increases serotonin of steroid hormones by adrenal glands
21
Q

Anterior Pituitary: Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

A

Females
- increases production of oestrogen an promotes maturation of ovum
Males
- promotes sperm production

22
Q

Anterior Pituitary: Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

A

Females
- increases production of progestorone and stimulates ovulation
Males
- increases production of testosterone

23
Q

Anterior Pituitary: Prolactin

A

Females
- promotes milk production after childbirth
- can affect sex hormone levels from the ovaries in women and testes in men

24
Q

Posterioir Pituitary: Oxytocin

A
  • milk releases in nursing mothers
  • contols urine contractions
  • some aspects of parental beh
  • sexual pleasure
25
Q

Posterioir Pituitary: Vasopressin (Antidiuretic Hormone)

A
  • constricts blood vessels and raises blood pressure
  • decreases blood volume
26
Q

What controls the anterior pituitary?

A
  • blood borne factors released by hypothalmus
27
Q

What controls the posterior pituitary?

A
  • nerves originating from the hypothalmus
28
Q

Hormone regulation

A
  • nervous system
  • non hormonal chemicals in blood
  • hormones (secreated in pulses)
29
Q

Feedback

A
  • hypothalamus and anterior pituitary sense when there is enough of a artiular hormone in blood circulation
  • stop releasing their trohic hormones (negative feedback)

Biopsychology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions