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SP16 Anatomy > Neuro L5 > Flashcards

Neuro L5 Flashcards

1
Q

Nucleus gracilus and nucleus cuneatus are collectively known as

A

Posterior column nuclei

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2
Q

Somatosensory receptors detect these types of changes

A

mechanical
chemical
thermal

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3
Q

All somatosensory receptors are this type of neuron

A

pseudounipolar

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4
Q

All somatosensory receptors have

A

1: Cell body in DRG or CN ganglion
2: A central CNS process
3: Peripheral process ending in skin, muscle, or joint

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5
Q

Cutaneous nerve endings are broadly divided into

A

Encapsulated

Nonencapsulated

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6
Q

Temperature sensitivity is due to

A

channels that open within a specific range of temperatures

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7
Q

Delta pain
Description
Myelination

A

Sharp, well localized, short duration

Carried by rapidly conducting myelinated fibers

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8
Q

Slow pain
Description
Myelination

A

Poorly localized, aching

carried by unmyelinated fibers

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9
Q

Three general types of ascending and descending pathways

A

1: Long ascending going to thalamus, cerebellum or various BS nuclei
2: Long descending going from cerebral cortex or BS nuclei to spinal cord gray
3: Short propriospinal fibers interconnecting spinal cord levels (coordinate flexor reflexes)

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10
Q

Descending tracts are primarily located in

A

Anterior funiculi

Lateral funiculi

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11
Q

Ascending tracts are primarily located in

A

Anterior funiculi
Lateral funiculi
Posterior funiculi

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12
Q

Propriospinal tract

Description/location

A

propriospinal fibers surround spinal cord gray matter

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13
Q

Discriminative touch is part of the _____ pathway located in ________

A

medial lemniscal pathway in the posterior column

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14
Q

Discriminative touch pathway synapses in ______then ____ to form _______ then to ____ then terminates in _____

A

synapses in medulla then decussates to form medial lemniscus then to Ventral posterolater nucleus of lateral thalamus
Terminates in postcentral gyrus

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15
Q

Posterior column is mostly

A

ascending large myelinated primary afferents from mechanoreceptors

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16
Q

Spinal afferents have their cell bodies where

A

ipsilateral DRGs

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17
Q

DRG rootlets enter cord fibers, divide into

A

Medial

Lateral

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18
Q

Medial division
Myelination
diameter
path

A

Heavily myelinated
large diameter
enter posterior column and ascend to brainstem

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19
Q

Lateral division
Myelination
diamter

A

finely myelinated and unmyelinated

small diameter

20
Q

Rostral to this vertebral level, few fibers are added to fasiculus _____ and fasiculus ____ starts to form

A

Rostral to T6
fasiculus gracilis
fasiculus cuneatus starts to form

21
Q

Fibers entering the posterior column are added ______ so sacral is most _____ and cervical is most______

A

added laterally
sacral is most medial
cervical is most lateral

22
Q

Second order fibers of Medial lemniscus pathway

path

A

cross midline in caudal medulla and form medial lemniscus

23
Q

Third order fibers path
Originate in
Go thru
Go to

A

Originate in thalamus (VPL)
asend thru internal capsule
synapse in primary somatosensory cortex in post central gyrus

24
Q

Posterior column-medial lemniscus system info is important for

A 
conscious appreciation of 
touch
pressure
vibration
joint position/movement
25
Q

Injury of posterior column medial lemniscus system leads to

A

Ataxia (from proprioception)

impaired complex tactile discrimination

26
Q

Ability to discriminate complex shape of an object

A

sterognosis

27
Q

Spinothalamic tract/anterolateral pathway conveys ______ info

A

pain and temperature

28
Q

Spinothalamic tract/anterolateral pathway ends in

A

VPL of thalamus

or Reticular formation or limbic system to mediate pain responses (spinomesencephalic fibers go to PAG)

29
Q

Pain, temperature, and some mechanoreceptor fibers enter cord via
project to
Many synapse in

A

lateral division of dorsal root
project to posterior horn
many synapse in substantia gelatinosa

30
Q

In the anterolateral pathway, new fibers join at

A

anteromedial edge

31
Q

Somatotopic organization of anterolateral pathway

A

Caudal body parts: posterolateral

Rostral body parts: anteromedial

32
Q

Cortical areas involved in anterolateral pathway

A

widespread (postcentral gyrus, insula, others) reflects complex conscious awareness of pain

33
Q

Types of fibers in anterolateral pathway

A

Spinothalamic
Spinoreticular
Spinomesencephalic (spine, midbrain)
Spinohypothalamic

34
Q

Spinoreticular fibers important for

A

changes in level of attention of pain response

35
Q

Spinomesencephalic fibers important for

A

pain control mechanisms

36
Q

Spinohypothalamic fibers important for

A

mediate autonomic response to pain

37
Q

damage to anterolateral pathway causes

A

Loss of pain and temperature sensations
Loss of itch and tickle sensations
Bowel, bladder pressure, sex sensations are saved because bilateral
Tactile deficit is NOT noted because most are in posterior columns

38
Q

Primary somatosensory

A

postcentral gyrus

39
Q

Cordotomy

A

destroy spinothalamic tract to produce contralateral analgesia
Cut lateral funiculus from dentiate ligament to ventral root
Cut rostral to highest level of pain

40
Q

Three well characterized spinocerebellar tracts

A

Posterior spinocerebellar tract
Anterior spinocerebellar tract
Cuneocerebellar tract

41
Q

Posterior spinocerebellar tract conveys this info

A

ipsilateral proprioceptive leg

42
Q

Posterior spinocerebellar tract ascends this way thru ____

A

ipsilaterally through lateral funiculus

43
Q

Posterior spinocerebellar tract synapses in

A

clarkes nucleus

44
Q

Axons in the cuneocerebellar tract come from____, enter ______, synapse in____

A

cuneate nucleus
enter inferior cerebellar peduncle
synapse in vermis and cerebellar hemispheres

45
Q

Anterior spinocerebellar tract origin

A

Lateral surface of anterior horn at lumbar levels

46
Q

Anterior spinocerebellar tract is primarily concerned with _____

A

attempted movement of the leg (more complex than PSCT)

47
Q

Anterior spinocerebellar tract path

A

crosses midline twice so ultimately ipsilateral

SP16 Anatomy (11 decks)

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