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SP16 Anatomy > Neuro L1 > Flashcards

Neuro L1 Flashcards

1
Q

5 Lobes

A 
Frontal
Parietal
Occipital
Temporal
(limbic)
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2
Q

Precentral gyrus
Known as
origin of
Initiates

A

Primary motor cortex
origin of descending motor pathway
initiate voluntary movements

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3
Q

Premotor and supplemental motor areas

Made from

A

part of precentral

nearby portions of superior and middle frontal gyri

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4
Q

Broca’s area
location
function

A

inferior frontal gyrus of one hemisphere

production of spoken and written language

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5
Q

Parietal Lobe areas

A 
Lateral:
Postcentral gyrus
Superior parietal lobule
Inferior parietal lobule
Medial:
Precuneus
Paracentral lobule
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6
Q

Postcentral gryus function

A

primary somatosensory (processing tactile and proprioceptive info)

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7
Q

Inferior parietal lobule
function
part of

A

usually left hemisphere: involved with language comprehension
part of wernike’s area

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8
Q

Rest of parietal cortex function

A

spatial orientation and directing attention

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9
Q

Temporal lobe areas

A 
Lateral:
Superior temporal gyrus
Middle temporal gyrus
Inferior temporal gyrus
Inferior: 
Occipitotemporal (fusiform) gyrus
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10
Q

Primary auditory cortex
Surface
part of

A

Superior surface of temporal lobe

part of superior temporal gyrus

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11
Q

Learning and Memory

Area of what lobe

A

Medial temporal lobe

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12
Q

Temporal lobe functions

A

primary auditory cortex
Language comprehension (post. left part of wernike’s)
Higher order visual processing
Learning and memory

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13
Q

Occipital lobe areas

A 
Lateral:
Lateral occipital gyrus
Medial
Cuneus gyrus
Lingual gyrus
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14
Q

Primary visual cortex

A

banks of calcarine sulcus and bit of surrounding cortex

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15
Q

Limbic lobe areas

A

Cingulate gyrus

parahippocampal gyrus

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16
Q

Limbic system functions

A

emotional responses
Drive related behaviors
memory

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17
Q

Insula
Deep inside ____ sulcus
Covered by

A

Deep inside lateral sulcus

Covered by frontal, parietal, temporal opercula

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18
Q

Insula overlies site where _____ and _____ fuse during development

A

telencephalon and diencephalon

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19
Q

Diencephalon

Four divisions

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus
Subthalamus

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20
Q

Thalamus

type of mass

A

Ovoid gray matter mass w/ multiple nuclei

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21
Q

_____ is the only sensory information that reaches the cerebral corex without stopping at thalamus

A

Olfaction

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22
Q

Hypothalamus separated from thalamus by

A

hypothalamic sulcus in wall of third ventricle

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23
Q

Inferior surface of hypothalamus

A

mammillary bondies

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24
Q

______ Connects hypothalamus to pituitary

A

infundibular stalk

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25
Q

Brainstem subdivisions

A

midbrain
pons
medulla

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26
Q

CNI

A

Olfactory nerve

Not attached to brainstem

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27
Q

CNII

A

Optic nerve

Ends as optic tract in thalamus

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28
Q

CNIII

Emerges from

A

Oculomotor

emerges from interpeduncular fossa

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29
Q

CN IV

Emerges

A

Trochlear

Emerges from dorsal aspect of brainstem (only one)

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30
Q

CN V

A

Trigeminal

31
Q

CN VI

A

Abducens

32
Q

CN VII

A

Facial

33
Q

CN VIII

Emerges from

A

Vestibulocochlear

Emerges from cerebellopontine angle

34
Q

_____ reabsorbs CSF because CSF pressure venous pressure

A

Arachnoid villi

CSF pressure > venous pressure

35
Q

CSF secreted by

A

choroid plexus

36
Q

Three meningeal layers

A

Dura mater
arachnoid mater
Pia mater

37
Q

Dura Mater
Layer
Characteristic

A

Outermost meningeal layer

toughest

38
Q

Arachnoid mater
Layer
What lies between this and pia mater

A

Middle meningueal layer

CSF

39
Q

Pia mater
Layer
Attached to

A

Innermost layer

attached to CNS

40
Q

Leptomeninges

A

Arachnoid plus pia mater

41
Q

Falx Cerebri location

A

between cerebral hemispheres

42
Q

Tentorium cerebelli location

A

between cerebrum and cerebellum

43
Q

Supratentorial space

A

cerebrum

44
Q

Infratentorial space

A

cerebellum and brainstem

45
Q

Epidural hemorrhage due to

Causes blood in

A

tear of meningeal arteries

Blood between skull and dura

46
Q

Subdural hemorrhage due to

Causes blood in

A

tear of bridge veins

Blood in inner most dural layer

47
Q

At the edges of the dural reflections, the dural layers are (fused, not fused)

A

Not fused to allow for venous flow

48
Q

Anterior cerebral artery

Runs ____ and enters

A

runs medially and enters longitudinal fissure

49
Q

Anterior cerebral artery

Arches (anteriorly/posteriory) and follows ____

A

arches posteriorly and follows corpus callosm

50
Q

Anterior cerebral artery supplies

A

medial parts of front and parietal loes

51
Q

Middle cerebral artery

runs ____ into _____

A

Runs laterally into lateral sulcus

52
Q

Middle cerebral artery supplies

A

most of lateral cerebral hemispheres

53
Q

Perforating arteries
arise from
Numerous around (2)

A

arise from all arteries at base of brain

Numerous around optic chiasm and between cerebral peduncles

54
Q

Perforating arteries
Involved in (2)
Supplies (3)

A

Involved in strokes and neurologiclal deficits
basal ganglia
Thalamus
Internal capsule

55
Q

Vertebral arteries run along lateral _____ and fuse into basilar artery at the _____

A

Run along lateral medulla and fuse into basilar artery at pons

56
Q

Prior to joints basial artery, VA gives rise to (3)

A

Posterior spinal artery
Anterial spinal artery
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery

57
Q

Posterior spinal artery supplies

A

posterior 1/3 of spinal cord

58
Q

Anterior spinal artery supplies

A

anterior 2/3 of spinal cord

59
Q

Basilar artery bifurcates at ____ into

A

midbrain

2 posterior cerebral arteries

60
Q

prior to bifurcaion, Basiallary artery gives rise to

A

AICA

SCA

61
Q

AICA supplies (2)

A

Anterior inferior cerebellar supplies anterior portions of inferior surface of cerebellum (flocculus) and caudal pons

62
Q

SCA supplies (3)

A

Superior cerebellar supplies
superior cerebellum
caudal midbrain
rostral pons

63
Q 
PCA supplies (4)
W/ branches going to (2)
A 
posterior cerebral supply
Medial temporal
inferior temporal
medial occipital
Inferior occipital
Branches going to 
Rostral midbrain
Posterior diencephalon
64
Q

Blood brain barrier separates

A

CNS from blood

65
Q

BBB includes

A

arachnoid
endothelial tight junctions
Lack of pinocytic vesicles

66
Q

______ solubule substances go thru BBB

A

lipid solubles

67
Q

Glucose crosses BBB thru

A

facilitated diffusion

68
Q

Small molecule neurotransmitters (3)

A

Glutamate excite
GABA inhibit
ACh

69
Q

Monoamines

A

Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Epinephrin
Serotonin

70
Q

Neuropeptides

A

ACTH

Substance P

71
Q

Decussation

A

crosses midline and connects dissimilar areas

72
Q

Commissure

A

crosses midline but connects similar areas

73
Q

Frontal love functional areas

A

Precentral gyrus
Premotor/supplemental motor areas
Broca’s area
Prefrontal cortex

SP16 Anatomy (11 decks)

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