neuro exam 2

Question 1

the cerebrum consists of ________ roughly, equal halves of the brain

Answer 1

2 cerebral hemispheres

Question 2

cortex refers to the

Answer 2

outer surface of the brain

Question 3

the cortex has two basic cell types

Answer 3

pyramidal cells and nonpyramidal cells

Question 4

pyramidal cells are involved in

Answer 4

motor function (project to more distant regions)

Question 5

nonpyramidal cells are involved in

Answer 5

sensory function (connect to more local regions.

Question 6

there are ___ layers of cerebrum

Answer 6

6

Question 7

the outermost layer of the cerebrum is made up of _____ cells and _____

Answer 7

glial cells and axons

Question 8

the 2nd and 3rd layer of the cerebrum are ____cells

Answer 8

pyramidal cells

Question 9

the fourth layer of the cerebrum is made up of ____ cells

Answer 9

nonpyramidal cells

Question 10

the fifth layer of the cerebrum is made up of____cells

Answer 10

pyramidal cells

Question 11

landmarks of the cerebrum are

Answer 11

cerebral longitudinal fissure, the gyrys and the sulcus as well as the lateral suclus and central sulcus.

Question 12

the cerebral longitudinal fissure

Answer 12

seperates left and right cerebral hemispheres

Question 13

the gyrus

Answer 13

is a ridge on the cerebral cortex

Question 14

the sulcus

Answer 14

is infolding valleys that separate gyri.

Question 15

if the groove of sulcis is deeper or more pronounced it is termed a

Answer 15

fissure

Question 16

the cerebrum is divided into __ lobes

Answer 16

5

Question 17

the 5 lobes of the cerebrum are

Answer 17

frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, insular

Question 18

the lateral sulcus (the sylvian fissure)

Answer 18

dividess temporal from frontal and anterior parietal

Question 19

the central sulcus (aka the rolandic sulcus)

Answer 19

separates frontal and parital entirely

Question 20

frontal lobe functions and characteristics

Answer 20

the largest of the lobes, predominates in planning, initiation, inhibition of voluntary motion as well as cognitive function

Question 21

key areas of the frontal lobe

Answer 21

broca’s area and the motor strip

Question 22

brocas area function

Answer 22

speech motor planningi n dominant hemisphere

Question 23

motor strip (aka pre-central gyrys) is the site of

Answer 23

initiation of voluntary motor movement

Question 24

parietal lobe

Answer 24

integrates info related to vision, audition and somatic sense

Question 25

primary reception sight for body (somatic) sense

Answer 25

parietal lobe

Question 26

All senses that reach consciousness terminate within the ___lobe

Answer 26

the parietal lobe

Question 27

the post central gyrys, supramarginal gyri, and angular gyri are all key areas of the____ lobe

Answer 27

the parietal lobe.

Question 28

Postcentral gyrus

Answer 28

sensory counterpart to the motor strip.
primary site of sensory output
recieves sensation from various parts of the body

Question 29

supramarginal gyri involvement

Answer 29

some involvement in motor planning for speech

Question 30

angular gyri

Answer 30

important in comprehension of written material

Question 31

the site of auditory reception and is very important for auditory and receptive language processing

Answer 31

temporal lobelove

Question 32

the superior temporal gyrysm heschl’s gyris and the posterior portion of wernicke’s area are key areas for the __ lobe

Answer 32

the temporal lobe

Question 33

The superior temporal gyrus is important in both slp and audiology because along it runs ____ and ____

Answer 33

Heschl’s gytus and the posterior porttion of Werenicke’s area

Question 34

Heschl’s Gyrus is where all _______

Answer 34

all auditory information is projected

Question 35

the posterior portion of wenickes area is important for _____ _____

Answer 35

language decoding

Question 36

the posterior limit of the brain

Answer 36

the occipital lobe

Question 37

the occipital lobe is responsible for recieving______ _____ as well as some of the higher-level___ ___

Answer 37

visual stimulation as well as some of the higher- level visual processing

Question 38

located deep to a region of cerebrum known as the operculum, aka the island of reil

Answer 38

the insula

Question 39

the insula is believed to be involved in _____ and play a role in ______ and the regulation of the body’s ______

Answer 39

involved in consciousnesss
plays a rols in emotion
and the regulation of the body’s homeo stasis

Question 40

not an anatomically distinct region bust is composed of the uncus (formed by amygdala), thalamus, parrahippocampal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, olfactory bulb and tract, hippocampus, and the dentate gyrus. (deep within the brain)

Answer 40

the limbic system

Question 41

the limbic system is composed of these 7 things

Answer 41

uncus (formed by amygdala), thalmus, parrahippocampal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, olfactory bulb and tract, hippocampus, dentate gyrus

Question 42

the limbic sustem is related to functional relation ships to these 4 things

Answer 42

motivation, sex drive, emotional behavior, affect

Question 43

gray matter of the cortex is predominately made up of_____ where as white matter representes ____ _____ _____

Answer 43

gray matter=made up of neuron bodies
white matter= represents myelinated axon fibers.

Question 44

myelinated fibers make up the _____ ____between _____ (need them for neural function)

Answer 44

myelinated fibers make up the communication link between neurons

Question 45

3 types of myelinated fibers

Answer 45

projection fibers, association fibers, commissural fibers.

Question 46

projection fibers connects___________

Answer 46

connect cortex with distant locations

Question 47

association fibers provides communication________

Answer 47

provides communication between regions of the same hemisphere.

Question 48

commussural fibers runss from ___one location on a hemisphere_______to __________ (mainly the corpus callosum).

Answer 48

runs from one location on a hemisphere to the corresponding location on the opposite hemisphere

Question 49

a group of large nuclei that parially surround the thalamus

Answer 49

the basal banglia (sub cortex)

Question 50

the basal bganglia is important int the

Answer 50

control of movement; regulates vluntary motor activities.

Question 51

the basal ganglia functions in the movement of

Answer 51

starting, stopping and monitoring arm swinging and gait

Question 52

the basal ganglia is made up of the

Answer 52

caudate nucleus, putamen and the globus pallidus.