neuro anatomy clinical cases Flashcards
where is an extradural haemorrhage
between the skull and dura mater ,
dura is stripped from bone
haemorrhage from meningeal arteries
where is a subdural haemorrhage
blood between dura and arachnoid
appears as a cresent on a CT scan
where is a subarachnoid haemorrhage
blood between arachnoid and pia mater
what and where is a intracerebral haemorrhage
rupture of small vessels and microaneurysms
located in internal capsule
what is amaurosis fugax
temporary loss of vision in one eye
what would indicate upper motor neuron lesion
increased reflexes and and increased tone - spasticity
What lobe is involved in memory
Frontal lobe
Where is the primary somatosensory cortex
parietal lobe
What does an eeg do
gives indication of regional brain activity
what is ptosis
droopy eyelid
nerve damage injury
what is an oculomotor nerve lesion
medial rectus is weakened
What can damage to the thalamus cause
Loss of sensation or pain
Movement disorders
what is hypermetropis
long sightedness
due to corneal curvature too shallow
lens not flexible enough
axial length of eyeball too short
what is orbicularis oculi damage
eyelid muscle cant shut properly ie cant close eyes
what would an optic nerve lesion cause
blindness in one eye
what would damage to the central optic chiasm cause
bi temporal hermianopia
Cant see laterally
what would damage to optic tract cause
homonymous hemianopia
What does paralysis of Superior oblique cause
Diplopia when looking down
Ie double vision
Paralysis of lateral rectus
Medial deviation of eye
What fibre type is the facial nerve
Sensory- taste
Motor - muscles of facial expression
Parasympathetic - lacrimanl gland
What are the 5 branches of the facial nerve
Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Marginal mandibular Cervical
Elderly gentleman is acting inappropriately and taking his gown off where is the likely lesion
Frontal lobe
Symptoms of upper motor neuron syndrome
Weakness or paralysis
Hyperactive reflexes
Decreased motor control
Increased or decreased muscle tone
symptoms of PD
cog wheel rigidity
rolling pill resting tremor
expressionless
hunched over
treatment of pd
l dopa is given to be converted into dopamine
Defect with right optic nerve
Only left eye has vision
treatment for parkinsons
dopamine through L-DOPA
