Neuro Flashcards
What is cranial nerve 1
Olfactory
What is cranial nerve 2?
Optic Visual
What is cranial nerve 3?
Oculomotor - Pupil Constriction
What is cranial nerve 4?
Trochlear - extraocular
What is cranial nerve 9
glossopharyngeal, gag reflex ability to swallow.
What are clients instructed to do limit risk of aspiration?
inhale deeply
hold breath tightly to close vocal cords
place food in mouth and swallow holding breath
cough to dispel remaining food
swallow a second time.
What is a rare but life-threatening symptom from anaesthetic?
malignant hyperthermia
triggered by anesthetic agents - succinylcholine. leads to muscle contraction and rigidity, high temp, and increased oxygen demand.
What is important to do for quad pts?
they are completely or partially experiencing paralysis of upper limbs. Edema may be at the cervical cord leading to airway and oxygen difficulty.
What is an epidural hematoma?
Accumulation of blood between the skull bone and dura mater. leads to a
fracture in temporal
rupture or tear in middle meningeal artery
What is a clinical presentation of epidural hematoma?
loss of conscious and regain conscious feeling normal called Lucid interval
What can lucid interval lead to?
decline in mental function > coma> death
What is the treatment for bell’s palsy?
steroids, eye protection
what are the signs and symptoms trigeminal neuralgia?
unilateral facial pain when the face is bothered taking hot or cold. talking, or touching.
What can the glasgow coma use to determine?
LOC, eye opeining response, verbal response, and motor response.
What is the drug Sumatriptan?
It is a serotonin to treat migraine headaches by constricting cranial blood vessels.
What is sumatriptan contraindicated for?
Clients with CAD and uncontrolled hypertension.
What are thrombolytic agents?
Ending in -plase, to resolve thrombotic events.
Which clients are contraindicated for thrombolytic agents
Stroke <3 mnths Hemorrhage - not period anerurysm atrovenous malformation unctronlled hypertension recent trauma active bleeding.
What is autonomic dysreflexia
Spinal injury at T6 higher, when the parasym, cannot counteract SNS stimulation.
What are triggers of autonomic dysreflexia?
distended bladder/rectum.
What are signs and symptoms of of autonomic dysreflexia?
hypertension, headache, diaphoresis, brady, goose bumps, flushing
What is transverse myelitis?
spinal cord inflammation from a viral infection.
What are the symptoms of transverse myelitis?
paralysis, urinary retention, bowel incontinence.
What are the signs and symptoms of increase ICP in children?
Bulging fontanelles, increased head circumference, sunset eyes.
What is the phenytoin range?
10-20
What are the s&s of bell’s
inability to close the eye
tear production alteration
flat nasolabial
inability to smile
What nerve does bell’s palsy affect?
C VII
What can you check for bacterial meningitits?
Increased ICP seen via, hydrocephalus = bulging fontanels.
What is status elipticus?
lifethreatening emergency, a seizure for more than 5 minutes
What are s&s of status epilepticus?
grunting, dazed.
What med to control seizure?
benzodiazepine
What worsens status epilep?
VP shunt
What is receptive aphasia?
impairment or loss of language comprehension.
How do you talk to someone with aphasia?
yes or no
pictures
remain calm.
What is delirium?
acute or fluctuating change in mental status
What are factors precipitating delirium?
multiple medications electrolyte hypoxia acute infection sleep deprivation dehydration metabolic disorder Stroke/dementia untreated pain
What is myelomingocele?
Neutral tube fails to fuse during development
Intervention for myelomingocele?
Cover the area with a sterile moist dressing to decrease risk of infection.
What are the signs and symptoms of neurogenic shock?
Bradycardia
hypotension
Gullian-Barre syndrome?
Is an immune-mediated polyneuropathy
s/s of Gullian Barre syndrome?
Ascending muscle paralysis and absence of reflexes.
What is the most threating aspect of Gullian Barre syndrome?
Neuromuscle respiratory failure.
What is a gold standard for Gullain Barre ?
Bedside forced vital capacity - SPIROMETRY
What CNS nerves you evaluate Gullian Barre?
II - Optic
III - Oculormotor
IV - Trochlear
VI - Abducens
What are s/s of cerebral aneurysm?
Diplopia seizures stiff neck vomiting headache
