Neuro Flashcards
PKU
Musty smell urine, hypopigmentation, sz
AR
No phenylalanine hydroxylase
Todd paralysis
Following a seizure
DDX Hemiplegic migraine in adols loss of motor w ha or aura NO LOC
LOC
If postictal SEIZURE
Guillan-Barre
30% cases resp distress
Get spiro!! FVC dec 20 intubate
Jejunal atresia
cocaine
Triple bubble XR
tx surg
Gastroschisis
lateral to umb, no membrane, AFP, nec enterocolitis, IUGR
DDX omphalocele (Beckwith-Weideman + macrosomia macroglossia), has membrane, mult organs, umbilicus
Galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase deficiency
Cataracts + liver cirr, hypoglycemia, failure to thrive, aminoaciduria
Cataracts ONLY = galactokinase def
NF1
Optic pathway gliomas
CP
Equiniform feet
Prematurity
Motor delay
Spasticity
Child abuse
RETINAL HEMORRHAGES PATHOGNOMONIC
mech for shaken baby is shearing of subdural bridging veins, coup countercoup injury subdural hematoma
Management= CT head, skeletal survey, CPS
Homocysteinuria
Marfans + intellectual disability, fair skin, blue eyes, thrombosis
Tx B6,9,12 + anticoag/antiplt
Peds brain tumors
Supratentorial:
Astrocytoma (pilocytic low grade MC in peds)
Craniopharyngioma (pituitary)
Brainstem glioma
Pinealoma (cant look UP, eyelid retraction, pupils nonreactive)
Infrarentorial:
Medulloblastoma (cerebellar vermis, 2nd MC tumor of post fossa in kids)
Ependymoma (MC site in kids is 4th vent, CSF obstruction)
Hydrocephalus
All kids w rapidly inc head circ get imaging (CT MRI ok if kid can stay still)
Tx shunt
Myotonic muscular dystrophy
AD
Brain abscess
Staph, strep viridans, anaerobes
L to R shunt <3 defect bypass lungs straight to brain
