Neuro

Question 1

a bundle of nerve fibers responsible for communication between the hemispheres.

Answer 1

corpus callosum

Question 2

Consisting of aggregations of neuronal cell bodies, gray matter rims the surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres, forming the

Answer 2

cerebral cortex

Question 3

Most sensory impulses travel through the gray matter of the ______, which is responsible for screening and directing the impulses to specific areas in the cerebral cortex.

Answer 3

thalamus

Question 4

(part of the autonomic nervous system, which is a part of the peripheral nervous system) is responsible for regulating many body functions including water balance, appetite, vital signs (temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory rate), sleep cycles, pain perception, and emotional status.

Answer 4

hypothalamus

Question 5

Located between the cerebral cortex and the spinal cord

Answer 5

Brain stem

Question 6

brain stem consists of mostly nerve fibers and has three parts:

Answer 6

midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.

Question 7

serves as a relay center for ear and eye reflexes, and relays impulses between the higher cerebral centers and the lower pons, medulla, cerebellum, and spinal cord.

Answer 7

midbrain

Question 8

links the cerebellum to the cerebrum and the midbrain to the medulla. It is responsible for various reflex actions.

Answer 8

pons

Question 9

contains the nuclei for cranial nerves, and has centers that control and regulate respiratory function, heart rate and force, and blood pressure.

Answer 9

medulla oblongata

Question 10

located behind the brain stem and under the cerebrum

Answer 10

The cerebellum

Question 11

sensory neuron (_____), one motor neuron (_____)

Answer 11

afferent, efferent

Question 12

Directs voluntary, skeletal actions (left side of lobe controls right side of body and right side of lobe controls left side of body). Also influences communication (talking and writing), emotions, intellect, reasoning ability, judgment, and behavior. Contains Broca’s area, which is responsible for speech.

Answer 12

Frontal

Question 13

Interprets tactile sensations, including touch, pain, temperature, shapes, and two-point discrimination.

Answer 13

Parietal

Question 14

Influences the ability to read with understanding and is the primary visual receptor center.

Answer 14

Occipital

Question 15

Receives and interprets impulses from the ear. Contains Wernicke’s area, which is responsible for interpreting auditory stimuli.

Answer 15

Temporal

Question 16

____ (continuous, rapid twitching of resting muscles) may be seen in lower motor neuron disease.

Answer 16

Fasciculations

Question 17

__ (involuntary contraction of opposing groups of muscles) are typical in degenerative neurologic disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease

Answer 17

Tremors

Question 18

(twitch of the face, head, or shoulder) from stress or neurologic disorder. Unusual, bizarre face, tongue, jaw, or lip movements from chronic psychosis or long-term use of psychotropic drugs. Tremors (rhythmic, oscillating movements) from Parkinson’s disease, cerebellar disease, multiple sclerosis (with movement), hyperthyroidism, or anxiety.

Answer 18

Tic

Question 19

Brief, rapid, irregular, jerky movements (at rest) from .

Answer 19

Huntington’s chorea

Question 20

Slower twisting movements associated with spasticity (____) seen with cerebral palsy.

Answer 20

athetosis

Question 21

Uncoordinated movements or tremors are abnormal findings. They are seen with cerebellar disease (_____).

Answer 21

dysdiadochokinesia

Question 22

Carries smell impulses from nasal mucous membrane to brain.

Answer 22

I-Olfactory

Question 23

Carries visual impulses from eye to brain.

Answer 23

II (optic)

Question 24

Contracts eye muscles to control eye movements (interior lateral, medial, and superior), constricts pupils, and elevates eyelids.

Answer 24

III (oculomotor)

Question 25

Contracts one eye muscle to control inferomedial eye movement

Answer 25

IV (trochlear)

Question 26

Carries sensory impulses of pain, touch, and temperature from the face to the brain. Influences clenching and lateral jaw movements (biting, chewing).

Answer 26

V (trigeminal)

Question 27

Controls lateral eye movements.

Answer 27

VI (abducens)

Question 28

Contains sensory fibers for taste on anterior two-thirds of tongue, and stimulates secretions from salivary glands (submaxillary and sublingual) and tears from lacrimal glands.

Supplies the facial muscles and affects facial expressions (smiling, frowning, closing eyes).

Answer 28

VII (facial)

Question 29

Contains sensory fibers for hearing and balance.

Answer 29

VIII (acoustic, vestibulocochlear)

Question 30

Contains sensory fibers for taste on posterior third of tongue and sensory fibers of the pharynx that result in the gag reflex when stimulated.

Provides secretory fibers to the parotid salivary glands; promotes swallowing movements.

Answer 30

IX (glossopharyngeal)

Question 31

Carries sensations from the throat, larynx, heart, lungs, bronchi, gastrointestinal tract, and abdominal viscera. Promotes swallowing, talking, and production of digestive juices.

Answer 31

X (vagus)

Question 32

Innervates neck muscles (sternocleidomastoid and trapezius) that promote movement of the shoulders and head rotation. Also promotes some movement of the larynx.

Answer 32

XI (spinal accessory)

Question 33

Motor Innervates tongue muscles that promote the movement of food and talking.

Answer 33

XII (hypoglossal)