Neuro

Question 1

Messages are sent across the plasma membrane of neurons through a process called ___ ___.

Answer 1

action potential

Question 2

When does action potential occur?

Answer 2

when a neuron is stimulated past a necessary threshold

Question 3

When action potential occurs in a sequence from the stimulation point from one neuron to another, its point of contact is called a ___ ___.

Answer 3

chemical synapse

Question 4

What are the 3 general function type of neurons are…

Answer 4

sensory neurons
motor neurons
interneurons

Question 5

What to sensory neurons do?

Answer 5

transmit signals to the CNS from sensory receptors associated with touch, pain, temperature, hearing ,sight, smell, and taste

Question 6

What do motor neurons do?

Answer 6

transmit signals to the CNS to the rest of the body by signaling muscles or glands to respond

Question 7

What do interneurons do?

Answer 7

transmit signals between neurons

Question 8

What are the 3 basic parts of a neuron?

Answer 8

cell body
axon
many dendrites

Question 9

What do dendrites do?

Answer 9

receive impulses from sensory receptors or interneurons and transmit them towards the cell body

Question 10

What does the cell body (soma) contain?

Answer 10

nucleus of the neurons

Question 11

What does the axon do?

Answer 11

transmits the impulses away from the cell body

Question 12

What is the axon insulated by?

Answer 12

Oligodendrocytes and myeline sheath with gaps known as the nodes of Ranvier

Question 13

Where does the axon terminate?

Answer 13

synpase

Question 14

What are the 2 primary components of the CNS?

Answer 14

spinal cord

brain

Question 15

The spinal cord is encased in the bony structure of the ___

Answer 15

vertebrae

Question 16

The brain consists of which 3 things?

Answer 16

hindbrain
midbrain
forebrain

Question 17

The hindbrain includes which 4 things?

Answer 17

medulla
oblongata
cerebellum
pons

Question 18

What does the midbrain do?

Answer 18

integrates sensory signals and orchestrates responses to these signals

Question 19

The forebrain includes which 3 things?

Answer 19

cerebrum
thalamus
hypothalamus

Question 20

What is the cerebral cortex?

Answer 20

thin layer of gray matter covering cerebrum

Question 21

The brain is divided into ___ hemispheres and ___ lobes.

Answer 21

2 hemispheres; 4 lobes

Question 22

What are the 4 main lobes?

Answer 22

frontal
parietal
occipital
temporal

Question 23

Where is the frontal lobe? What is its function?

Answer 23

front of the brain

short term, working memory; information processing; decision making, planning, judgement

Question 24

Where is the parietal lobe? What is its function?

Answer 24

towards the back, at the top

sensory input; spatial positioning of the body

Question 25

Where is the occipital lobe? What is its function?

Answer 25

back of the head, just above the brainstem visual input, processing, output; nerves from the eye

Question 26

Where is the temporal lobe? What is its function?

Answer 26

L, R side of the brains auditory input, processing and output

Question 27

Role of the cerebellum

Answer 27

processing and storing implicit memories

Question 28

The posterior area of the brain that is connected to the spinal cord is known as the ___ ___.

Answer 28

brain stem

Question 29

What are the 3 parts of the brain stem?

Answer 29

midbrain pons medulla oblongata

Question 30

The brain stem is an important part of which 3 systems?

Answer 30

respiratory digestive circulatory

Question 31

What are the 3 parts of the midbrain?

Answer 31

tectum tegmentum ventral tegmentum

Question 32

The midbrain is important for which 2 senses?

Answer 32

vision | hearing

Question 33

Piece of the brain stem that connects the spinal cord to the brain

Answer 33

medulla oblongata

Question 34

The medulla oblongata plays an important role in the autonomic nervous system in the ___ and ___ system

Answer 34

circulatory, respiratory

Question 35

The parasympathetic nerves control what?

Answer 35

basic bodily function

Question 36

The peripheral nervous system includes sympathetic nerves that trigger which response?

Answer 36

fight or flight

Question 37

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) maintains what is the body?

Answer 37

homeostasis

Question 38

The ANS controls the function of what?

Answer 38

internal organs, blood vessels, smooth muscle tissue, glands

Question 39

The hypothalamus controls the ANS through the ___ ___.

Answer 39

brain stem

Question 40

The ANS is divided into what 2 divisions?

Answer 40

sympathetic nervous system | parasympathetic nervous system

Question 41

The somatic nervous system controls ___ ___ and ___ ___ of skeletal muscle.

Answer 41

5 senses; voluntary muscle

Question 42

Signals from the CNS to the sensory organs and muscles

Answer 42

Efferent nerves

Question 43

Signals from the sensory organs and the muscles to the CNS

Answer 43

Afferent nerves

Question 44

Simplest act of the nervous system, an automatic response without an conscious thought be stimulated

Answer 44

Reflex