Cardio

Question 1

What is the circulatory system responsible for?

Answer 1

internal transport or substance to and from the cells

Question 2

What are the 3 parts of the circulatory system?

Answer 2

blood
blood vessels
heart

Question 3

Circulatory system can either be ____ or _____.

Answer 3

Open or closed

Question 4

Most animals have closed systems. What does this mean?

Answer 4

heart and blood vessels are continually connected

Question 5

Walls of blood vessels, EXCEPT the capillaries, consist of what 3 layers?

Answer 5

innermost tunica intima
tunica media (smooth muscle, elastic fibers)
outer tunica adventitia

Question 6

Adult humans have about how many quarts of blood?

Answer 6

5

Question 7

What does blood consist of?

Answer 7

RBC
WBC
Platelets
Plasma

Question 8

Over half of the blood volume contains what?

Answer 8

Plasma

Question 9

Plasma is mostly what?

Answer 9

water - serves as a solvent

Question 10

Where is RBC formed?

Answer 10

bone marrow

Question 11

Different types of WBC

Answer 11

lymphocytes
neutrophils
monocytes
eosinophils
basophils

Question 12

Platelets are fragments of ___ ___.

Answer 12

stem cells

Question 13

Important function of platelets

Answer 13

clotting

Question 14

How many chambers does the heart have?

Answer 14

4

Question 15

Valves that separate the chambers are the ___ ___ vales.

Answer 15

AV

Question 16

Purpose of the valves

Answer 16

keep blood moving in a single direction; prevent back flow

Question 17

The heart contains its own circulatory system which its own coronary arteries. T or F.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

What occurs during atrial contractions?

Answer 18

blood is squeezed from the atrium through the AV valves into the ventricles

Question 19

What occurs during ventricle contraction?

Answer 19

blood is squeezed from the ventricles through the SL valves into the lungs and body

Question 20

What is knowns as the pacemaker of the heart?

Answer 20

SA node

Question 21

Where is the SA node located?

Answer 21

wall of the R atrium

Question 22

Movement of blood through the heart

Answer 22

superior vena cava > R atrium > Tricupsid valve > R ventricle > Pulmonary valve > Pulmonary artery > Lungs > Pulmonary vein > L atrium > Biscupsid/mitral valve > L ventricle > Aortic valve > Aorta > Body

Question 23

What does the circulatory system include?

Answer 23

Coronary circulation
pulmonary circulation
systemic circulation

Question 24

What is portal circulation?

Answer 24

flow of blood from the digestive system to the liver and then to the heart

Question 25

What is renal circulation?

Answer 25

flow of blood between the heart and the kidneys

Question 26

Blood exits the L ventricle through the aorta and branches into which 3 arteries?

Answer 26

carotid common iliac renal

Question 27

Blood returns to the heart through which 4 veins into the superior and inferior vena cavae?

Answer 27

jugular subclavian common iliac renal

Question 28

What occurs in arterioles?

Answer 28

blood delivery to specific areas based on complex communication from body systems

Question 29

Describe capillary beds

Answer 29

diffusion sites for exchanges between blood and interstitial fluid thinnest wall of any blood vessel; consist of a single layer of endothelial cells

Question 30

Capillaries merge into venues with merge with a larger diameter tubules called _____.

Answer 30

veins

Question 31

Main/major function of the lymphatic system

Answer 31

return excess tissue fluid to the blood stream

Question 32

Other functions of the lymphatic system

Answer 32

return excess fluid to blood return proteins from the capillaries transport fats from the digestive tract disposal of debris and cellular waste

Question 33

The lymph vascular system consist of which 3 things?

Answer 33

lymph capillaries lymph vessels lymph ducts

Question 34

Lymph organs include what 7 things?

Answer 34

``` lymph nodes spleen appendix adenoids thymus tonsils small patches of tissue in the small intestines ```

Question 35

Lymph nodes contain what 2 things?

Answer 35

lymphocytes | plasma cells

Question 36

Function of the spleen

Answer 36

``` filters blood (rid of waste) stores RBC and macrophages (help flights infection) ```

Question 37

Function of thymus

Answer 37

secretes hormones | major site of lymphocyte production

Question 38

Where is the spleen located?

Answer 38

LUQ; behind the stomach, immediately below the diaphragm

Question 39

What is the spleen made of?

Answer 39

lymphoid tissue

Question 40

Blood vessels are connected to the spleen by ___ ____.

Answer 40

splenic sinuses

Question 41

Which peritoneal pigments support the spleen?

Answer 41

gastrolienal ligament lienorenal ligament phrenicocolic ligament