Cardio Flashcards
What is the circulatory system responsible for?
internal transport or substance to and from the cells
What are the 3 parts of the circulatory system?
blood
blood vessels
heart
Circulatory system can either be ____ or _____.
Open or closed
Most animals have closed systems. What does this mean?
heart and blood vessels are continually connected
Walls of blood vessels, EXCEPT the capillaries, consist of what 3 layers?
innermost tunica intima tunica media (smooth muscle, elastic fibers) outer tunica adventitia
Adult humans have about how many quarts of blood?
5
What does blood consist of?
RBC
WBC
Platelets
Plasma
Over half of the blood volume contains what?
Plasma
Plasma is mostly what?
water - serves as a solvent
Where is RBC formed?
bone marrow
Different types of WBC
lymphocytes neutrophils monocytes eosinophils basophils
Platelets are fragments of ___ ___.
stem cells
Important function of platelets
clotting
How many chambers does the heart have?
4
Valves that separate the chambers are the ___ ___ vales.
AV
Purpose of the valves
keep blood moving in a single direction; prevent back flow
The heart contains its own circulatory system which its own coronary arteries. T or F.
True
What occurs during atrial contractions?
blood is squeezed from the atrium through the AV valves into the ventricles
What occurs during ventricle contraction?
blood is squeezed from the ventricles through the SL valves into the lungs and body
What is knowns as the pacemaker of the heart?
SA node
Where is the SA node located?
wall of the R atrium
Movement of blood through the heart
superior vena cava > R atrium > Tricupsid valve > R ventricle > Pulmonary valve > Pulmonary artery > Lungs > Pulmonary vein > L atrium > Biscupsid/mitral valve > L ventricle > Aortic valve > Aorta > Body
What does the circulatory system include?
Coronary circulation
pulmonary circulation
systemic circulation
What is portal circulation?
flow of blood from the digestive system to the liver and then to the heart
What is renal circulation?
flow of blood between the heart and the kidneys
Blood exits the L ventricle through the aorta and branches into which 3 arteries?
carotid
common iliac
renal
Blood returns to the heart through which 4 veins into the superior and inferior vena cavae?
jugular
subclavian
common iliac
renal
What occurs in arterioles?
blood delivery to specific areas based on complex communication from body systems
Describe capillary beds
diffusion sites for exchanges between blood and interstitial fluid
thinnest wall of any blood vessel; consist of a single layer of endothelial cells
Capillaries merge into venues with merge with a larger diameter tubules called _____.
veins
Main/major function of the lymphatic system
return excess tissue fluid to the blood stream
Other functions of the lymphatic system
return excess fluid to blood
return proteins from the capillaries
transport fats from the digestive tract
disposal of debris and cellular waste
The lymph vascular system consist of which 3 things?
lymph capillaries
lymph vessels
lymph ducts
Lymph organs include what 7 things?
lymph nodes spleen appendix adenoids thymus tonsils small patches of tissue in the small intestines
Lymph nodes contain what 2 things?
lymphocytes
plasma cells
Function of the spleen
filters blood (rid of waste) stores RBC and macrophages (help flights infection)
Function of thymus
secretes hormones
major site of lymphocyte production
Where is the spleen located?
LUQ; behind the stomach, immediately below the diaphragm
What is the spleen made of?
lymphoid tissue
Blood vessels are connected to the spleen by ___ ____.
splenic sinuses
Which peritoneal pigments support the spleen?
gastrolienal ligament
lienorenal ligament
phrenicocolic ligament
