Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

a&p chapter 4 > Neural Tissue > Flashcards

Neural Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Also called nervous or nerve tissue

A

• Neural Tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
  • Specialized for conducting electrical impulses
  • Rapidly senses internal or external environment
  • Processes information and controls responses
A

• Neural Tissue or nervous or nerve tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

is concentrated in the central nervous

system

A

• Neural Tissue or nervous or nerve tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

central nervous

system includes

A

brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Two Types of Neural Cells

A
  1. Neurons: Nerve cells, perform electrical
    communication
  2. Neuroglia: Supporting cells, repair and supply
    nutrients to neurons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

perform electrical

communication

A

Neurons or nerve cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

repair and supply

nutrients to neurons

A

Neuroglia or supporting cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cell Parts of a Neuron

A

• Cell body
• —–Contains the nucleus and nucleolus
• Dendrites
• —–Short branches extending from the cell body
• —–Receive incoming signals
• Axon (nerve fiber)
• —–Long, thin extension of the cell body
• —–Carries outgoing electrical signals to their
destination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Contains the nucleus and nucleolus

A

Cell body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  • —–Short branches extending from the cell body

* —–Receive incoming signals

A

Dendrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

• —–Long, thin extension of the cell body
• —–Carries outgoing electrical signals to their
destination

A

Axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Functions of neuroglia (supporting cells)

A 
• Maintain physical structure
of tissues
• Repair tissue framework
after injury
• Perform phagocytosis
• Provide nutrients to neurons
• Regulate the composition of the
interstitial fluid surrounding neurons
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why do Tissues Respond to Injuries ?

A

• To maintain homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

• Cells restore homeostasis with two processes which are

A
  1. Inflammation

2. Regeneration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The tissue’s first response to injury

A

• Inflammation = Inflammatory Response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Signs and symptoms of the inflammatory response

include:

A
  • Swelling
  • Redness
  • Heat
  • Pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

• Inflammatory Response Can be triggered by:

A
  • Trauma (physical injury)

* Infection (the presence of harmful pathogens)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

physical injury is aka

A

trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

the presence of harmful pathogens is aka

A

infection

20
Q

• The Process of Inflammation: Damaged cells release chemical signals into the surrounding interstitial fluid . This affects:

A
  • Prostaglandins
  • Proteins
  • Potassium ions
21
Q

As cells break down, what two things happen?

A

• Lysosomes release enzymes that destroy the
injured cell and attack surrounding tissues
• Tissue destruction is called necrosis

22
Q

What is Tissue destruction called?

A

necrosis

23
Q

The Process of Inflammation is:

A
  1. Necrotic tissues and cellular debris (pus)
    accumulate in the wound
    • Abscess — pus trapped in an enclosed area
  2. Injury stimulates mast cells to release:
    • Histamine
    • Heparin
    • Prostaglandins
24
Q

Injury stimulates mast cells to release:

A
  • Histamine
  • Heparin
  • Prostaglandins
25
Q

pus trapped in an enclosed area

A

• Abscess

26
Q

• Dilation of blood vessels

A
  • Increases blood circulation in the area
  • Causes warmth and redness
  • Brings more nutrients and oxygen to the area
  • Removes wastes
27
Q

• Plasma diffuses into the area

A

• Causes swelling and pain

28
Q

• Phagocytic white blood cells

A

Clean up the area

29
Q

• When the injury or infection is cleaned up, what happens?

A

Healing (regeneration) begins

30
Q

• Describe The Process of Regeneration

A

• Fibrocytes move into necrotic area
• —Lay down collagen fibers
• —To bind the area together (scar tissue)
• New cells migrate into area
• —Or are produced by mesenchymal stem cells
• Not all tissues can regenerate
• —Epithelia and connective tissues regenerate well
• —Cardiac cells and neurons do not regenerate (or
regenerate poorly)

31
Q

do not regenerate (or

regenerate poorly)

A

Cardiac cells and neurons

32
Q

regenerate well

A

Epithelia and connective tissues

33
Q

move into necrotic area

A

Fibrocytes

34
Q

When an injury damages connective
tissue, mast cells release a variety of
chemicals. This process, called ____ _____ _______, stimulates inflammation.

A

mast cell activation

35
Q

_________ produces several familiar indications of injury, including swelling, redness, heat (warmth), pain, and sometimes loss of function.

_________ may also result from the presence of pathogens, such as harmful bacteria, within the tissues. The presence of these pathogens constitutes an _______

A

Inflammation

Inflammation

Infection

36
Q

The presence of these pathogens constitutes an _______

A

infection

37
Q

is the repair that
occurs after the damaged tissue has
been stabilized and the inflammation
has subsided.

A

Regeneration

38
Q

move into
the area, laying down a collagenous
framework

A

fibroblasts

39
Q

a collagenous framework laid down by fibroblasts

A

scar tissue.

40
Q

True or false: Over time, scar tissue is usually
“remodeled” and gradually assumes
a more normal appearance.

A

True

41
Q

• Speed and efficiency of tissue repair decrease

with age, due to:

A
  • Slower rate of energy consumption (metabolism)
  • Hormonal alterations
  • Reduced physical activity
42
Q

• Effects of Aging

A

Chemical and structural tissue changes
• Thinning epithelia and connective tissues
• Increased bruising and bone brittleness
• Joint pain and broken bones
• Cardiovascular disease
• Mental deterioration

43
Q

• Cancer rates ______ with age

A

increase

44
Q

• __ percent of all people in the United

States develop cancer

A

25%

45
Q

_____ is the #2 cause of death in the United

States

A

Cancer

46
Q

_________ _______ and ______ _____

cause cancer

A

Environmental chemicals and cigarette smoke

a&p chapter 4 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions