Internal Framework of the Body Flashcards
Connective tissues perform which three functions?
- Provide strength and stability
- Maintain positions of internal organs
- Provide routes for blood vessels, lymphatic
vessels, and nerves
• Are connective tissue layers and wrappings
that support or surround organs
• Fasciae (plural) or fascia (singular)
Three Types of Fasciae
- Superficial fascia
- Deep fascia
- Subserous fascia
• Between skin and underlying organs • Areolar tissue and adipose tissue • Also known as subcutaneous layer or hypodermis
Superficial Fascia
• Bound to capsules, tendons, and ligaments • Dense connective tissue • Forms a strong, fibrous internal framework
Deep Fascia
• Between serous
membranes and
deep fascia
• Areolar tissue
Subserous Fascia
- Specialized for contraction
* Produces (initiates) all body movement
Muscle tissue
• Three types of muscle tissue
- Skeletal muscle tissue
• Large body muscles responsible for movement - Cardiac muscle tissue
• Found only in the heart - Smooth muscle tissue
• Found in walls of hollow, contracting organs
(blood vessels; urinary bladder; respiratory,
digestive, and reproductive tracts)
• Large body muscles responsible for movement
- Skeletal muscle tissue
• Found only in the heart
- Cardiac muscle tissue
- Smooth muscle tissue
• Found in walls of hollow, contracting organs
(blood vessels; urinary bladder; respiratory,
digestive, and reproductive tracts)
- Smooth muscle tissue
Classification of Muscle Cells–describe muscle cells
• Striated (muscle cells with a banded appearance)
• Nonstriated (not banded; smooth)
• Muscle cells can have a single nucleus (unicellular)
• Muscle cells can be multinucleate
• Muscle cells can be controlled voluntarily
(consciously)
• Muscle cells can be controlled involuntarily
(automatically)
muscle cells with a banded appearance
triated
not banded; smooth
Nonstriated
Muscle cells can be controlled involuntarily or ________
automatically
Muscle cells can be controlled voluntarily
or ___________
consciously
• Long and thin (cylindrical)
• Usually called muscle fibers
• Do not divide
• New fibers are produced by stem cells (myosatellite
cells)
• Multinucleated, cylindrical, striated, voluntary muscles
Skeletal Muscle Cells
New fibers are produced by stem cells (or ________
cells)
myosatellite cells
Cells are long, cylindrical,
striated, and multinucleate.
Skeletal Muscle Cells
Locations of Skeletal Muscle Cells
LOCATIONS: Combined
with connective tissues
and neural tissue in
skeletal muscles
Functions of Skeletal Muscle Cells
FUNCTIONS: Moves or stabilizes the position of the skeleton; guards entrances and exits to the digestive, respiratory, and urinary tracts; generates heat; protects internal organs
• Called cardiocytes
• Form branching networks connected at intercalated
discs
• Short branched, striated, involuntary muscles
Cardiac Muscle Cells
• Called cardiocytes
Cardiac Muscle Cells
Cardiac Muscle Cells form branching networks connected at _______ _____
intercalated
discs
- Small and tapered
- Can divide and regenerate
- Unicellular, spindle-shaped, nonstriated, involuntary
• Smooth Muscle Cells
Cells are short, branched, and striated, usually with a single nucleus; cells are interconnected by intercalated discs.
Cardiac Muscle Tissue
Location of Cardiac Muscle Tissue
LOCATION: Heart
Function of Cardiac Muscle Tissue
FUNCTIONS: Circulates
blood; maintains
blood pressure
Cells are short, spindleshaped, and nonstriated, with a single, central nucleus. LOCATION
Smooth Muscle Tissue
Locations of Smooth Muscle Tissue
LOCATIONS: Found in
the walls of blood vessels
and in digestive, respiratory,
urinary, and reproductive organs
Functions of Smooth Muscle Tissue
FUNCTIONS: Moves food, urine, and reproductive tract secretions; controls diameter of respiratory passageways; regulates diameter of blood vessels
