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a&p chapter 4 > Epithelial Tissues > Flashcards

Epithelial Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Layers of cells covering internal or external surfaces

A

Epithelia

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2
Q

Structures that produce secretions

A

Glands

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3
Q

Characteristics of Epithelia

A
  1. Cellularity (cell junctions)
  2. Polarity (apical and basal surfaces)
  3. Attachment (basement membrane of basal lamina)
  4. Avascularity
  5. Regeneration
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4
Q

Cells arranged in continuous sheets,in either single or multiple layers

A

Polarity (apical and basal surfaces)

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5
Q

Functions of epithelial tissue

A
  1. Provide physical protection
  2. Control permeability
  3. Provide sensation
  4. Produce specialized secretions (glandular epithelium)
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6
Q

Specializations of epithelial cells

A
  1. Move fluids over the epithelium
  2. Move fluids through the epithelium
  3. Produce secretions (protection and messengers)
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7
Q

protection

A

move fluids over the epithelium

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8
Q

permeability

A

move fluids through the epithelium

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9
Q

Protection and messengers

A

produce secretions

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10
Q

Move fluid

A

Cilia or ciliated epithelium

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11
Q

Increase absorption or secretion

A

Microvilli

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12
Q

Polarity surfaces can be _________ or _________

A

apical or basolateral

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13
Q

3 characteristics that maintain the integrity of the epithelia

A
  1. Intracellular connections
  2. Attachment to the basement membrane
  3. Epithelial maintenance and repair
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14
Q

Form bonds with other cells or extracellular material

A

Cell junctions

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15
Q

Kinds of cell junctions

A
  1. Tight junctions
  2. Gap junctions
  3. Desmosomes
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16
Q

Cell junctions are ________ _________

A

intracellular connections

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17
Q

Intracellular connections’ support and communication are done by:

A
  1. CAMS (cell adhesion molecules)
    - Transmembrane proteins
  2. Intercellular cement
    - Proteoglycans
  3. Hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid)
    - Glycosaminoglycans
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18
Q

Proteoglycans are an example of intercellular connections that give support and communication via

A

intercellular cement

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19
Q

Glycosaminoglycans are an example of intercellular connections that offer support and communication via _________

A

Hyaluronan (hyaluronic acid)

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20
Q
  • Between two plasma membranes
  • Adhesion belt attaches to terminal web
  • Prevents passage of water and solutes
  • Isolates wastes in the lumen
A

Tight junctions

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21
Q

Attaches to terminal web (in tight junctions)

A

Adhesion belt

22
Q

Tight junctions isolates wastes in the ________

A

Lumen

23
Q

Prevents passage of water and solutes

A

Tight junctions

24
Q
  • CAMS, dense areas, and intercellular cement
  • Spot desmosomes
  • Hemidesmosomes
A

Desmosomes

25
Q

Tie cells together

Allow bending and twisting

A

Spot desmosomes

26
Q

Attach cells to the basement membrane

A

Hemidesmosomes

27
Q
  • Allow rapid communication
  • Are held together by channel proteins (junctional proteins, connexons)
  • Allow ions to pass
  • Coordinate contractions in heart muscle
A

Gap junctions

28
Q

Gap junctions are held together by channel proteins called _______ ________, _______

A

junctional proteins, connexons

29
Q

Allow ions to pass

A

Gap junctions

30
Q

Coordinate contractions in heart muscle

A

Gap junctions

31
Q

Allow rapid communication

A

Gap junctions

32
Q

Attachment to the Basement Membrane via a clear layer (lamina lucida) has what characteristics?

A
  • Thin layer
  • Secreted by epithelia
  • Barrier to proteins
33
Q

Attachment to the basement membrane via the dense layer (lamina densa)

A

-Thick fibers
-Produced by connective tissue
Strength and filtration

34
Q

Dense layer is also known as

A

Lamina densa

35
Q

Lamina lucida is also known as

A

Clear layer

36
Q

Dense layer is also known as

A

Lamina densa

37
Q

Clear layer is also known as

A

Lamina Lucida

38
Q

Epithelium is singular or plural?

A

Singular

39
Q

Epithelia is singular or plural?

A

Plural

40
Q

Epithelia can be classified based on two things. What are these?

A

Shape and layers

41
Q

Based on shape, epithelia can be what three things?

A
  1. Squamous epithelia
  2. Cuboidal epithelia
  3. Columnar epithelia
42
Q

Thin and flat

A

Squamous epithelia

43
Q

Square shaped

A

Cuboidal epithelia

44
Q

Tall, slender rectangles

A

Columnar epithelia

45
Q

Single layer of cells

A

Simple epithelium

46
Q

Several layers of cells

A

Stratified epithelium

47
Q

Simple epithelium and stratified epithilium are classified based on _______

A

Layers

48
Q

Squamous epithelia, cuboidal epithelia, and columnar epithelia are a classified based on _______

A

shape

49
Q

Epithelial maintenance and repair:

Epithelia are replaced by division of ________ _______ and happens ________ basement membrane

A

germinative cells (stem cells), near basement membrane

50
Q

Epithelium in charge of absorption and diffusion

A

Simple squamous epithelium

51
Q

Epithelium that lines body cavities

A

Mesothelium

52
Q

Epithelium that lines heart and blood vessels

A

Endothelium

a&p chapter 4 (9 decks)

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