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IT > Networks > Flashcards

Networks Flashcards

1
Q

What is a network

A

A collection of computers that are connected by some sort of communication media

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2
Q

What does a network allow users to do (5)

A 
Share hardware
Share software
Share data
Share information
Communicate
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3
Q

What are the 7 reasons for having a network

A

Fast, efficient communication (E-mails, chats, video conferencing)
Sharing of hardware resources (Printers, scanners, DVD Players)
Centralisation of data (Files on a central computer)
Transfer of files
Leisure (LAN Parties)
Increased control and security (Centrally stored on 1 computer - backups and kept secure)
Flexible access (Can access information from any computer)

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4
Q

What are the 5 disadvantages of having a network

A

Higher level of expertise to manage a network
High level of security needs to be set up
Malware can spread quickly
If a network develops a problem, potentially no users can work
A central fault in the network can cause a loss of data

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5
Q

What are the 5 types of hardware required for a network

A 
Computers and Peripherals
Network interface controller
Switch
Communication media - Wired and Wireless
Network Operating System
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6
Q

What does a network interface controller do

A

It links the network cable to the computer and allows communication between the computer and the network

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7
Q

What is a switch

A

A hardware device used to connect computers on a network so that communication can occur. It sends data from one computer to the specific computer that it must be sent to

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8
Q

What are the 2 types of Cables

A

Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)

Fibre Optic Cables

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9
Q

Describe an Unshielded Twisted Pair of cables

A

One or more pairs of copper wires twisted around each other. Unshielded refers to the fact that the wires are not covered in a foil insulating layer

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10
Q

Describe fibre optic cables

A

Many thin strands of glass or plastic surrounded by cladding and then covered by a final protective outer cover. Uses light beams rather than electrical signals. The presence of a pulse of light represents a 1 and no light represents a 0

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11
Q

Name 4 characteristics of Fibre Optic Cables

A

Thin and lightweight
Relatively complex to install and configure
Supports very high transmission rates
Network interfaces, cables and other devices that are used together with fibre optics are relatively expensive

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12
Q

What are the 4 weaknesses of communication media

A

Attenuation
Eavesdropping
Crosstalk
Electromagnetic interference

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13
Q

Describe Attenuation

A

Loss of signal strength over a distance

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14
Q

Which cable is most susceptible to attenuation and which has much lower attenuation

A

UTP is most susceptible

Fibre has much lower attenuation

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15
Q

Describe Eavesdropping

A

Eavesdropping is related to electromagnetic interference. It is possible for someone to detect a signal on a cable without piercing the cable

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16
Q

Which cable is susceptible to eavesdropping and which cable isn’t

A

UTP is sensitive to eavesdropping

Fibre is immune to eavesdropping

17
Q

What is crosstalk

A

Two wires that are close to one another can interfere with transmission and create crosstalk

18
Q

What is electromagnetic interference

A

An electronic signal that interferes with normal network transmission. Sources include engines, machinery, lights

19
Q

What cable is sensitive to EMI and what cable is not

A

UTP is sensitive to EMI

Fibre is not affected by EMI

20
Q

What is a network operating system

A

Software that controls all the communication in a network as well as the security on a network

21
Q

What is a LAN

A

A network connecting computers in a small area.

22
Q

How are computers connected within a LAN

A

Either using cables or wirelessly

23
Q

What are 4 advantages of a Wireless LAN

A

Easier to add or move computers as the network points aren’t fixed
Easier to provide network connectivity in areas where it is difficult to lay a cable
Installation is far easier than with a cabled LAN
Adds mobility for laptop users

24
Q

What are 3 disadvantages of a WLAN

A

Security can be compromised
Performance can decrease as the number of computers connected increases
Signal could get lost due to electronic or electrical interference

25
Q

What is a WAN

A

A network spread over a wide geographical area

26
Q

What is an intranet

A

An organisation’s private network consisting of web pages relating to the organisation’s business

27
Q

What is an extranet

A

An intranet that has provided access to other users outside the organisation

28
Q

What are the 3 roles of computers within a LAN

A

Clients
Servers
Peers

29
Q

What are Clients

A

Computers that use but do not provide network resources

30
Q

What are servers

A

Computers that only provide network resources - Have better hardware specifications such as more memory and larger hard drives

31
Q

What are the 3 types of servers other than file servers

A

E-Mail servers
Internet or proxy servers
Print servers

32
Q

What are the 3 functions of a file server

A

Manage data on the server’s hard drives
Control access to its services by other PCs in the network
Provide users with access to the files stored on it

33
Q

What are Peers

A

Computers that both use and provide network resources

34
Q

What is the difference between a Peer-To-Peer LAN and Client-Server LAN

A

A Peer-To-Peer LAN shares resources among workstations without a dedicated server.
A Client-Server LAN has client PCs which connect to one main server

35
Q

What are 3 things to keep in mind when creating a password

A

At least 8 characters long - the longer the better
Contain a mixture of upper and lowercase letters, numbers and special characters
Do not use your name or anything that is easy to guess

IT (11 decks)

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