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IT > Basic Concepts of Hardware > Flashcards

Basic Concepts of Hardware Flashcards

1
Q

What does it mean when we say computers are modular?

A

They are made up of parts that can be upgraded independently.

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2
Q

What is the motherboard

A

A large piece of circuitry that connects the different components and peripherals and allows them to communicate

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3
Q

What is the CPU

A

Central Processing Unit - The part of the computer that does all of the processing

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4
Q

Where does the CPU plug in

A

The ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) Socket

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5
Q

Who makes CPUs for computers

A

Intel and AMD

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6
Q

Who makes CPUs for cellphones

A

ARM, Qualcomm and Apple

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7
Q

What does RAM stand for

A

Random Access Memory

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8
Q

What are the 5 facts about RAM

A 
Volatile
Where CPU keeps data 
The more RAM you have, the faster it works
RAM is supplied in DIMM slots
RAM is very expensive per GB
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9
Q

What are the 3 types of Storage devices

A 
Magnetic Storage (Hard Disk Drives)
Optical Storage (CD, DVD, Blu-Ray)
Solid State Drives
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10
Q

3 Facts about HDDs

A

Mechanical and therefore slow
Large capacities at lower cost per GB than RAM
Delicate and can be damaged if moved while working

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11
Q

How does Optical storage work

A

Reflect laser light in different ways to represent 0s or 1s

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12
Q

What are 5 facts about Optical storage

A

Slower than Hard Drives
Limited in Storage Capacity
You can buy writeable blank discs to write data onto yourself
You can buy them with programs pre-written on them
They are being replaced by flash drives and portable hard drives

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13
Q

What is a characteristic of SSDs

A

They use electronic memory that allows them to keep their data even with no power

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14
Q

What are the 2 main means of connecting to a computer

A

USB

Firewire

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15
Q

What other ports does a computer need to have

A

A way to connect to a cabled network
A socket for headphones / speakers
A port to connect to a monitor

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16
Q

What are the 8 types of input devices

A 
Keyboard
Pointing Device
Microphone
Touch Screen
Game controller
Camera and video camera
Scanner
Pen Tablet
17
Q

What are the 4 types of scanners

A

3D Scanners
Barcode Scanners
Magnetic Stripe Reader
Biometric Scanner

18
Q

What are the 4 types of input data

A

Text
Images
Sound
Data from sensors

19
Q

What are the 4 types of output devices

A

Monitor
Data Projectors
Printers
Speakers and Headphones

20
Q

What is the response time of a monitor

A

The amount of time it takes for a pixel to change

21
Q

What is the resolution of a monitor

A

The number of pixels used to form a picture

22
Q

What is the contrast ratio of a monitor

A

The ratio between the darkest black and brightest white of the picture

23
Q

What are the 3 types of printers

A

Laser
Inkjet
Dot-Matrix

24
Q

What are laser printers best for

A

General purpose printing

25
Q

What are inkjet printers best for

A

Printing photo quality images

26
Q

What are Dot-Matrix printers best for

A

Printing invoices, bills etc.

27
Q

What does the sound quality of computer depend on

A

The sound card

The speakers or headphones used

28
Q

What are the 4 characteristics of Flash Drives

A

Electronic rather than mechanical
Faster than mechanical or optical storage
More expensive per GB than mechanical storage
Less likely to be damaged than Hard Drives and Optical Storage

29
Q

What is the use of a memory card

A

Digital cameras store their data on a memory card

30
Q

What are portable hard drives

A

They use the same magnetic media that is used in internal hard drives. Can connect via a USB. They have a much greater capacity than flash drives

31
Q

What are the 2 types of portable hard drives

A
  1. 5” drives

3. 5” drives

32
Q

What is the difference between 2.5” drives and 3.5” drives

A
  1. 5” have a lower capacity but they need less power and can run on the power supplied by the cable
  2. 5” drives have a greater capacity but need to access a power socket before you can use them
33
Q

What are the 3 communication devices

A

3G Modems
ADSL Modems
Routers

34
Q

What do 3G modems do

A

Allow you to connect to the internet using the cellular telephone network

35
Q

What do Routers do

A

Devices that make communication between networks over the internet possible by directing data to its correct destination

IT (11 decks)

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