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CompTIA Network+ Practice Tests: Exam N10-007 > Networking Concepts (8) > Flashcards

Networking Concepts (8) Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following Domain Name System (DNS) resource records is used only for reverse name resolution?

AAAA

CNAME

PTR

A

PTR

Like A and AAAA records, Pointer (PTR) records contain hostnames and IP addresses, but they are used for reverse name resolution—that is, resolving IP addresses into hostnames. A Mail Exchange (MX) record specifies the mail server that the domain should use. Canonical name (CNAME) records specify aliases for a given host name. An AAAA resource record maps a hostname to an IPv6 address for name resolution purposes

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2
Q

Which of the following features is supported by DHCP, but not by BOOTP and RARP?

Dynamic address allocation

Relay agents

Manual address allocation

A

Dynamic address allocation

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) can dynamically allocate IP address to clients and reclaim them when their leases expire. Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) and Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) can allocate addresses automatically or manually, but they cannot reclaim them. DHCP and BOOTP both support relay agents

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3
Q

Which of the following message types are exchanged by Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) clients and servers during a successful IP address allocation transaction? (Choose all correct answers.)

DHCPDISCOVER

DHCPOFFER

DHCPINFORM

DHCPACK

DHCPREQUEST

DHCPNAK

DHCPRENEW

DHCPRELEASE

A

DHCPDISCOVER

DHCPOFFER

DHCPACK

DHCPREQUEST

In a successful DHCP address allocation, the client issues DHCPDISCOVER broadcasts to locate servers, and the servers reply with DHCPOFFER messages containing addresses. Then, the client sends a DHCPREQUEST message to one server accepting an offered address, to which the server replied with a DHCPACK. DHCPNAK messages are only used in unsuccessful transactions, and DHCPRENEW, DHCPRELEASE, and DHCPINFORM messages are not used during the address allocation process

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4
Q

Which of the following message types are exchanged by Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) clients and servers during a successful IP address lease renewal transaction? (Choose all correct answers.)

DHCPDISCOVER

DHCPOFFER

DHCPINFORM

DHCPACK

DHCPREQUEST

DHCPNAK

DHCPRENEW

DHCPRELEASE

A

DHCPACK

DHCPREQUEST

In a successful DHCP address renewal transaction, the client issues a DHCPDREQUEST message, and the server replies with a DHCPACK. DHCPNAK messages are only used in unsuccessful transactions, and the other message types are not used during the address renewal process

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5
Q

Which of the following is not a protocol used to allocate IP address assignments to clients on a network?

ARP

RARP

BOOTP

A

ARP

Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP), Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP), and Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) are all protocols that are designed to allocate IP addresses to clients. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), on the other hand, resolves existing IP addresses into data link layer MAC (or hardware) addresses

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6
Q

Which of the following best describes what happens when a DNS server receives an iterative name resolution query?

The DNS server responds immediately to the query with the best information it has in its resource records or in its cache or, failing that, with an error message stating that it could not resolve the requested name.

The DNS server attempts to resolve the requested name by checking its own resource records and cache or, failing that, by issuing its own iterative queries to other DNS servers.

The DNS server attempts to resolve the requested name by checking its own resource records and cache or, failing that, by forwarding the name resolution request to another DNS server in a recursive query.

A

The DNS server responds immediately to the query with the best information it has in its resource records or in its cache or, failing that, with an error message stating that it could not resolve the requested name.

When a DNS server receives an iterative query, it responds immediately with the best information that it has available or with an error message. It does not send queries to other servers

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7
Q

What is the term used to refer to the DNS client mechanism that generates name resolution queries and sends them to DNS servers?

Requestor

Authority

Resolver

A

Resolver

The client component of the Domain Name System is called the resolver. Requestor is a generic term for any system issuing requests, and only DNS servers can be authorities or forwarders

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8
Q

Which of the following TCP/IP parameters, configured on an end system, specifies the IP address of a device that performs domain name resolution services?

WINS Server Addresses

Default Gateway

DNS Server Addresses

A

DNS Server Addresses

The DNS Server Addresses parameter contains the addresses of servers that resolve domain names into IP addresses. Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) provides Network Basic Input/Output System (NetBIOS) name resolution. The Default Gateway parameter defines the local router to be used to access other networks. There is no such parameter as Subnet Gateway

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9
Q

Which IP address allocation method is not supported by Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)?

Manual

Dynamic

Stable

A

Stable

Stable is not a DHCP allocation method. DHCP supports three allocation methods: manual, dynamic, and automatic

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10
Q

On a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server, what is the name of the element you create to specify which IP addresses the server should assign to clients?

Range

Scope

Pool

A

Scope

On a DHCP server, you create a scope that consists of a beginning and an ending IP address. Range, pool, and subnet are not technical terms for DHCP

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11
Q

Why is it necessary to use a relay agent to enable a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server to assign IP addresses to clients on other networks? (Choose all correct answers.)

Because DHCP requires a separate license for each subnet

Because clients cannot initiate an address assignment by contacting DHCP servers on other networks directly

Because DHCP must use the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) to communicate with clients

Because the DHCP address assignment process relies on broadcast transmissions

A

Because clients cannot initiate an address assignment by contacting DHCP servers on other networks directly

Because the DHCP address assignment process relies on broadcast transmissions

DHCP clients cannot contact servers on different networks to initiate an address assignment. Clients locate DHCP servers by transmitting broadcast messages, and broadcasts are limited to the local network. Relay agents forward the broadcast messages to other networks, enabling the server to assign IP addresses to clients on other subnets. DHCP does not require special licenses. DHCP uses User Datagram Protocol (UDP) transmissions, not TCP

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12
Q

Which of the following Domain Name System (DNS) resource records is used to resolve a hostname into an IPv6 address?

MX

PTR

AAAA

A

AAAA

An AAAA resource record maps a hostname to an IPv6 address for name resolution purposes. A Mail Exchange (MX) record specifies the mail server that the domain should use. Pointer (PTR) records also contain hostnames and IP addresses, but they are used for reverse name resolution—that is, resolving IP addresses into hostnames. Canonical name (CNAME) records specify aliases for a given hostname

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13
Q

Ralph has configured a server called NE6 to function as a web server. He does not want to change the server’s existing name, but he wants it to be accessible to clients using the name www. What Domain Name System (DNS) modification can Ralph make to accomplish this?

Create an additional A resource record.

Create a new CNAME resource record.

Modify the existing A resource record.

A

Create a new CNAME resource record.

A canonical name (CNAME) resource record specifies an alternative host name (or alias) for a system already registered in the DNS. By creating a CNAME record specifying the www name, the server can be addressed using either NE6 or www. Creating an additional A resource record will cause the server to be recognized using one name or the other, but not both. Modifying the existing A record will change the hostname. PTR resource records are used only for reverse name resolution

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14
Q

Which of the following options should you configure on a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server to supply clients with a default gateway address?

Router

Time Server

Name Server

A

Router

The Router option specifies the addresses of routers on the local network, including the default gateway router. The Time Server option specifies the addresses of servers providing time signals to the network. The Name Server option specifies the addresses of up to ten name resolution servers (other than DNS servers) on the network. The LPR Server option specifies the addresses of line printer servers on the network

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15
Q

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) clients rely on which of the following types of transmissions to locate and initiate contact with DHCP servers on the local network?

Unicast

Broadcast

Multicast

A

Broadcast

DHCP clients use broadcasts to transmit DHCPDISCOVER messages on the local network. DHCP servers are then required to respond to the broadcasts. DHCP clients cannot use unicast, multicast, or anycast messages to initiate contact with DHCP servers because they have no way of learning their addresses

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16
Q

Which of the following Domain Name System (DNS) resource record types specifies the IP addresses of the authoritative DNS servers for a particular zone?

NS

PTR

MX

A

NS

The Name Server (NS) resource record identifies the authoritative servers for a particular DNS zone. Pointer (PTR) resource records are used to resolve IP addresses into hostnames. Mail Exchange (MX) records identify the mail servers for a particular domain. Service Locator (SRV) records identify the designated servers for a particular application

17
Q

Which of the following must you create on a DHCP server if you want it to always assign the same IP address to a particular computer?

Exclusion

Scope

Reservation

A

Reservation

On a DHCP server, a reservation is a permanent IP address assignment to a specific MAC address. A scope is a range of IP addresses to be allocated to clients. An exclusion is a range of IP addresses that is to be excluded from a scope. A relay is a component that routes DHCP traffic between networks

18
Q

Which of the following DHCP address allocation methods enables the server to reclaim IP addresses when they are no longer in use by clients?

Automatic

Dynamic

Manual

A

Dynamic

Dynamic allocation enables a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server to lease IP addresses to clients for a specific time interval. When the lease period expires, the client can renew it, if it is still using the address. If the address is no longer in use when the lease expires, it is returned to the scope for reallocation. Automatic allocation permanently assigns an IP address from the scope to a client. Manual and static allocation are two terms describing the allocation of a specific IP address to a specific client

19
Q

Which of the following technologies enables the IP addresses assigned to clients by a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server to be automatically added to the DNS namespace?

Reverse name resolution

Dynamic DNS

Automatic allocation

A

Dynamic DNS

Dynamic DNS (DDNS) is an addition to the DNS standards that eliminates the need for administrators to manually create certain DNS resource records. For example, when a DHCP server allocates an address to a client, DDNS creates a host (A) record containing the host name of the client and the newly allocated IP address. Reverse name resolution is the process of looking up host names based on IP addresses. Automatic allocation is a DHCP process by which IP addresses are permanently assigned to clients. HOSTS is a text-based name resolution method that predates DNS

20
Q

Which of the following is a tool that integrates DHCP and DNS so that each is aware of the changes made by the other?

HOSTS

DHCPv6

IPAM

A

IPAM

IP address management (IPAM) is a system for planning, managing, and monitoring the IP address space for an entire enterprise network. IPAM provides links between the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and the Domain Name System (DNS) so that each is aware of the naming and addressing changes made by the other. DHCPv6 is an IPv6 version of the DHCP service, which enables it to allocate IPv6 addresses to network clients. HOSTS is a text-based name resolution method that predates DNS. Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) is the mechanism that enables a DHCP client to assign itself an address when no DHCP servers are accessible

21
Q

Which of the following protocols is used to synchronize computer clocks to a time signal provided by a server?

TFTP

SMTP

NTP

A

NTP

The Network Time Protocol (NTP) is used to synchronize computer clocks. Time signals can be provided by internal servers or time servers on the Internet. The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) is used to transfer files between systems without authentication. The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is used to exchange web traffic between clients and servers. The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is used to transmit email traffic between clients and servers

22
Q

Which of the words in the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) www.paris.mydomain.org represents the topmost layer in the DNS namespace hierarchy?

www

paris

org

A

org

The topmost layer in the DNS hierarchy is represented by org, which is a top-level domain. mydomain is a second-level domain registered by a particular organization. Paris is a subdomain within mydomain, and www is the name of a particular host in the paris.mydomain.org domain.

23
Q

Which of the following Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) options prevents the client from transmitting IP datagrams that circulate endlessly around the network?

Interface MTU

Default IP TTL

ARP cache timeout

A

Default IP TTL

The Default IP Time-to-live (TTL) option specifies the maximum number of seconds or hops allowed to an IP datagram before a router removes it from the network. This prevents datagrams from circulating endlessly. The Interface Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) option specifies the maximum size of an IP datagram. The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) cache timeout specifies how long entries containing the IP address assigned by the server can remain in the cache maintained by a client’s ARP implementation. The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) keepalive interval option specifies the number of seconds that the client should wait before transmitting a keepalive message over a TCP connection

24
Q

In designing a network for a client, Ed has decided to use both internal and external DNS servers. Which of the following resources should Ed register with the external DNS server? (Choose all correct answers.)

Company database servers

Internet web servers

Incoming email servers

Domain controllers

A

Internet web servers

Incoming email servers

The external DNS server should contain records only for the resources that must be accessible from the Internet, such as web servers and public email servers. For security reasons, servers containing sensitive data, such as database servers and domain controllers, should be registered on the internal DNS server

25
Q

Which of the following features enables an intrusion detection system (IDS) to monitor all of the traffic on a switched network?

Stateful packet inspection

Port mirroring

Trunking

A

Port mirroring

Port mirroring is a feature found in some switches that takes the form of a special port that runs in promiscuous mode. This means that the switch copies all incoming traffic to that port, as well as to the dedicated destination ports. By connecting an IDS or protocol analyzer to this port, an administrator can access all of the network’s traffic. Stateful packet inspection is a firewall feature that enables the device to examine network and transport layer header fields, looking for patterns that indicate damaging behaviors, such as IP spoofing, SYN floods, and teardrop attacks. Trunking is a switch feature that enables administrators to create VLANs that span multiple switches. Service dependent filtering is a firewall feature that blocks traffic based on transport layer port numbers

26
Q

Which of the following Domain Name System (DNS) resource records is used to implement email security mechanisms such as Sender Policy Framework and DomainKey Identified Mail?

MX

PTR

TXT

A

TXT

A TXT resource record contains a text string that can be used for various applications. Sender Policy Framework (SPF) inserts a list of authorized email hosts into the TXT record and DomainKey Identified Email (DKIM) inserts a public key. MX, PTR, and CNAME records are not used for SPF and DKIM. A Mail Exchange (MX) record specifies the mail server that the domain should use. Pointer (PTR) records also contain host names and IP addresses, but they are used for reverse name resolution, that is, resolving IP addresses into host names. Canonical name (CNAME) records specify aliases for a given host name

CompTIA Network+ Practice Tests: Exam N10-007 (48 decks)

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