Network Operations (3) Flashcards
A network load balancing cluster is made up of multiple computers that function as a single entity. Which of the following terms is used to describe an individual computer in a load balancing cluster?
Node
Host
Server
Node
In a network load balancing cluster, each computer is referred to as a host. Other types of clusters use other terms. For example, in a failover cluster, each computer is called a node
If you back up your network by performing a full backup every Wednesday at 6 p.m. and differential backups in the evening on the other six days of the week, how many jobs would be needed to completely restore a computer with a hard drive that failed on a Tuesday at noon?
One
Two
Six
Two
A differential backup is a job that backs up all the files that have changed since the last full backup. Therefore, to restore a system that failed on Tuesday at noon, you would have to restore the most recent full backup from the previous Wednesday and the most recent differential from Monday
Which of the following is an element of high availability systems that enables them to automatically detect problems and react to them?
Backups
Snapshots
Failover
Failover
Highly available systems often have redundant components that enable them to continue operating even after a failure of a hard disk, server, or other component. Backups, snapshots, and cold sites can all contribute to a system’s high availability, but they do not function automatically
Which of the following networking concepts frequently use virtual IP addresses to provide high availability? (Choose all correct answers.)
Clustering
Load balancing
Network address translation (NAT)
NIC teaming
Clustering
Load balancing
A high availability virtual IP address implementation is when multiple servers are identified by a single address, enabling all of the servers to receive incoming client traffic. In the case of server clustering and network load balancing arrangements, the cluster itself has a unique name and IP address, separate from those of the individual servers. Clients address themselves to the cluster, not to one of the servers in the cluster. NAT is not a high availability technology, and NIC teaming does not use virtual IP addresses
Which of the following disaster recovery mechanisms can be made operational in the least amount of time?
A cold site
A warm site
A hot site
A hot site
Cold, warm, and hot backup sites differ in the hardware and software they have installed. A cold site is just a space at a remote location. The hardware and software must be procured and installed before the network can be restored. It is therefore the least expensive and takes the most time. A warm site has hardware in place that must be installed and configured. A hot site has all of the necessary hardware installed and configured. A warm site is more expensive than a cold site, and a hot site is the most expensive and takes the least amount of time to be made operational
Which of the following terms defines how long it will take to restore a server from backups if a complete system failure occurs?
RPO
RTO
BCP
RTO
The recovery time objective (RTO) specifies the amount of time needed to restore a server from the most recent backup if it should fail. This time interval depends on the amount of data involved and the speed of the backup medium. A recovery point objective (RPO) specifies how much data is likely to be lost if a restore from backups should be necessary. This figure is based on the frequency of the backups and the amount of new data generated by the system. Business contingency planning (BCP) is an umbrella term for procedures enacted to keep the organization functioning in the event of a disaster. A management information base (MIB) is a database used by Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) systems
If you back up your network by performing a full backup every Wednesday at 6 p.m. and incremental backups in the evening of the other days of the week, how many jobs would be needed to completely restore a computer with a hard drive that failed on a Monday at noon?
One
Two
Five
Five
An incremental backup is a job that backs up all of the files that have changed since the last backup of any kind. Therefore, to restore a system that failed on Monday at noon, you would have to restore the most recent full backup from the previous Wednesday and the incrementals from Thursday, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday
Which of the following elements would you typically not expect to find in a service level agreement (SLA) between an Internet service provider (ISP) and a subscriber?
A list of specifications for the equipment to be provided by the ISP
The types and schedule for the technical support to be provided by the ISP
The types of applications that the subscriber will use when accessing the ISP’s services
The types of applications that the subscriber will use when accessing the ISP’s services
An ISP provides subscribers with access to the Internet. The applications that the subscriber uses on the Internet are typically not part of the SLA. An SLA does typically specify exactly what services the ISP will supply, what equipment the ISP will provide, and the technical support services the ISP will furnish as part of the agreement
How does an autochanger increase the overall storage capacity of a backup solution?
By compressing data before it is stored on the medium
By automatically inserting media into and removing it from a drive
By running a tape drive at half its normal speed
By automatically inserting media into and removing it from a drive
An autochanger is a robotic device containing one or more removable media drives, such as magnetic tape or optical disk drives. The robotic mechanism inserts and removes media cartridges automatically so that a backup job can span multiple cartridges, increasing its overall capacity
For a complete restore of a computer that failed at noon on Tuesday, how many jobs would be needed if you performed full backups to tape at 6 a.m. every Wednesday and Saturday and incremental backups to tape at 6 a.m. every other day?
Two
Three
Four
Four
An incremental backup is a job that backs up all of the files that have changed since the last backup of any kind. Therefore, to restore a system that failed on Tuesday at noon, you would have to restore the most recent full backup from the previous Saturday and the incrementals from Sunday, Monday, and Tuesday morning
If you have a server with dual power supplies, both of which are connected to a single UPS, with a building power circuit connected to a backup generator, which of the following failures can the server survive and keep running indefinitely? (Choose all correct answers.)
Failure of one server power supply
Failure of the UPS
Failure of the building power circuit
Failure of the building backup generator
Failure of one server power supply
Failure of the building backup generator
If one of the server’s power supplies fails, the other will continue to function. If the building’s backup generator fails, the server will continue to run as long as the building still has outside power. If the UPS fails, the server will go down. If the breaker for the building power circuit trips, the server will run only as long as the UPS battery holds out
If you have a server with dual power supplies, one of which is plugged in a single UPS and the other into wall socket with a surge protector, and the building’s power circuit is connected to a backup generator, which of the following failures can the server survive and keep running indefinitely? (Choose all correct answers.)
Failure of one server power supply
Failure of the UPS
Failure of the building power circuit
Failure of the building backup generator
Failure of one server power supply
Failure of the UPS
Failure of the building backup generator
If one of the server’s power supplies fails, the other will continue to function. If the UPS fails, the server will continue to using the power supply plugged into the wall socket. If the building’s backup generator fails, the server will continue to run as long as the building still has outside power. If the breaker for the building power circuit trips, the server will run only as long as the UPS battery holds out
If you have a server with dual power supplies, each of which is connected to a separate UPS, with each UPS connected to a separate building power circuit connected to a backup generator, which of the following failures can the server survive and keep running indefinitely? (Choose all correct answers.)
Failure of one server power supply
Failure of one UPS
Failure of one building power circuit
Failure of the building backup generator
Failure of one server power supply
Failure of one UPS
Failure of one building power circuit
Failure of the building backup generator
If one of the server’s power supplies fails, the other will continue to function. If one of the UPSs fails, the server will continue to run using the other. If one of the building power circuit breakers trips, the server will continue to run using the other one. If the building’s backup generator fails, the server will continue to run as long as the building still has outside power
You have just completed negotiating an annual contract with a provider to furnish your company with cloud services. As part of the contract, the provider has agreed to guarantee that the services will be available 99.9 percent of the time, around the clock, seven days per week. If the services are unavailable more than 0.1 percent of the time, your company is due a price adjustment. Which of the following terms describes this clause of the contract?
SLA
MTBF
AUP
SLA
A service level agreement (SLA) is a contract between a provider and a subscriber that specifies the percentage of time that the contracted services are available. Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) is a hardware specification that estimates how long a particular component can be expected to function. Acceptable use policies (AUPs) specify whether and how employees can utilize company-owned hardware and software resources. Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) specifies the average time it will take to repair a specific hardware company when it malfunctions
Which of the following disaster recovery mechanisms is the least expensive to implement?
A cold site.
A warm site.
A hot site.
A cold site.
Cold, warm, and hot backup sites differ in the hardware and software they have installed. A cold site is just a space at a remote location. The hardware and software must be procured and installed before the network can be restored. It is therefore the least expensive. A warm site has hardware in place that must be installed and configured. A hot site has all of the necessary hardware installed and configured. A warm site is more expensive than a cold site, and a hot site is the most expensive
