Networking Concepts

Question 1

When does TCP send data?

Answer 1

When it knows the place it is sending it is on and ready to receive it

Question 2

What are the limitations of the TCP/IP model?

Answer 2

• TCP/IP layers are theoretical and do not actually perform real functions
• Industry implementations rarely have a layer-to-layer correspondence with the TCP/IP layers
• Different protocols within the stack perform different functions, which help send or receive the overall message
• A particular protocol implementation may not represent every layer or it may spread across multiple layers

Question 3

Describe the Application layer of the TCP/IP model

Answer 3

also called the Process-to-Process layer, corresponds to the Session, Presentation, and Application layers of the OSI model.

Question 4

Describe the Transport Layer of the TCP/IP model

Answer 4

also called the Host-to-Host layer and is responsible for error checking and reliable packet delivery. The Transport layer breaks the data stream into segments and assigns sequence numbers so that the segments can be reassembled correctly at the destination.

Question 5

Describe the Internet Layer of the TCP/IP model

Answer 5

It is responsible for moving packets through a network. This involves addressing and making routing decisions to identify how the packet traverses the network.

Question 6

Describe the Link Layer of the TCP/IP model

Answer 6

It is responsible for describing the physical layout of the network and how messages are formatted on the transmission medium. Sometimes this layer is divided into the Data Link and the Physical layers.

Question 7

What is the primary protocols that runs at the application layer of the TCP/IP model

Answer 7

HTTP, FTP, TFTP, Telnet/SSH, SMTP

Question 8

What is the main purpose of the Transport Layer Protocol of the TCP/IP model

Answer 8

• Identifies protocol number
  -Ensures transmission reliability
  Receives data in correct order

Question 9

What is sequencing in the TCP communications?

Answer 9

If data arrives out of order it can rearrange into the right way

Question 10

What is UDP and what is the difference between TCP and UDP protocols?

Answer 10

User Datagram protocol TCP is secure where UDP has no 3 way handshake , no sequencing, no flow control around the data

Question 11

Why would you use the UDP protocol over the TCP/IP protocol?

Answer 11

Its faster but not secure

Question 12

What does the internet layer of the TCP/IP protocol do?

Answer 12

Identifies where the host is

Determines the path to the receiver

Question 13

What is one of the primary purposes of a router?

Answer 13

Divide Large networks into smaller more manageable networks called broadcast domains or virtual LANs

Question 14

What does the Link Layer do in the TCP/IP model

Answer 14

It gets the data that is packaged onto the network

Standardized data format

Question 15

On the Link layer what what sub layers is responsible for framing and what does framing mean?

Answer 15

The data link layer and framing is the packaging of data with physical address to identify the NIC that sent it and which card its supposed to go to

Question 16

Explain the 3-way handshake

Answer 16

1. Source host sends destination host a TCP SYN message
2. The destination responds with the TCP SYN/ACK message
3. The source host responds with a TCP ACK message

Question 17

When should you use TCP/IP protocol?

Answer 17

for communications where data integrity is more important than transmission speed

Question 18

What port is SMTP on?

Answer 18

Port 25

Question 19

What port is DNS on?

Answer 19

port 53

Question 20

What port is POP3 on

Answer 20

port 110

Question 21

What port is IMAP on?

Answer 21

Port 143

Question 22

What protocols reside on the internet layer?

Answer 22

-Internet protocol
-Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
-Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)

Question 23

What are the functions of the internet layer?

Answer 23

-Maintaining addresses of neighboring routers.
-Maintaining a list of known networks.
-Determining the next network point to which data should be sent. Routers use a routing
protocol to take into account various factors, such as the number of hops in the path,
link speed, and link reliability to select the optimal path for data.

Question 24

What is the range of well known ports?

Answer 24

0-1023

Question 25

What is the range of registered ports?

Answer 25

1024-49151

Question 26

What is the range of dynamic ports?

Answer 26

49152-65535

Question 27

What service is DHCP on?

Answer 27

67 and 68

Question 28

What port is SMTP on and what network protocol does it use?

Answer 28

25 TCP and UDP