13.1 Network Time Protocol (NTP) Flashcards
Describe (NTP) Network Time Protocol
designed to maintain accurate and consistent time across a network.
Router(config)#feature ntp
Enables NTP on the device.
Router(config)#ntp server [address]
Allows the software clock to be synchronized with the specified NTP time server.
Router(config)#ntp master [stratum-value]
Configures the device as an NTP master clock to which peers synchronize when an external NTP source is not available:
Router(config)#clock timezone [zone] [offset]
Sets the time zone and offset for display purposes:
Router(config)#clock summer-time [zone]
Sets the time zone to display during summer time (e.g., PDT for Pacific Daylight Time).
Router#show ntp status
Verifies that the local time is synchronized with the NTP time provider specified in the ntp server command. Offset and dispersion statistics are displayed as well.
Router#show ntp associations
Displays time synchronization statistics. One line is displayed for each NTP time provider the system has been configured to synchronize time with. On each line, the following information is displayed
What are syslogs
logging messages to a logging process.
Describe the logging process
Controls the distribution of logging messages to various destinations (such as the logging buffer, terminal lines, or a syslog server) depending on the configuration.
Sends messages, including debug command output, to the console.
Describe Timestamp
Indicates when the message was generated, as in this example:
*Aug 8 11:18:12.081:
Describe Sequence Number
Can be used instead of a timestamp. Identifies the order of log generation.
Describe Facility
Identifies the facility that created the message, as in this example:
%LINEPROTO
Describe Severity Level
Indicates the severity level of the message, as in this example:
-5-
Describe Mnemonic
Provides a mnemonic to help the administrator quickly identify the nature of the message, as in this example:
UPDOWN:
Describe Message Text
Provides a description of the event, as in this example:
Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to down
Describe Level 0
Emergencies - System unstable
Describe Level 1
Alerts - immediate action needed
Describe Level 2
Critical - Critical conditions
Describe Level 3
Warnings - Warning conditions
Describe Level 3
Errors - Error Conditions
Describe level 5
Notifications - Normal but significant condition
Describe Level 6
Inforamtional - info messages only
Describe Level 7
Debugging - debug messages
By default where do all cisco devices send logs to
To the console
Router(config)#logging on
Enables the message logging process.
Router(config)#logging host [address]
Router(config)#logging host [hostname]
Specifies the host IP address or hostname of the syslog server that will receive the messages.
Router(config)#logging buffered
Specifies that the messages are to be buffered.
Router(config)#logging trap [severity-level]
Router(config)#logging trap [0-7]
Specifies the messages that will be redirected to the syslog server based on severity. Messages that are equal to or less than the specified level are logged.
Router(config)#logging source-interface [type] [number]
Specifies the source IP address of system logging packets.
Router#show logging
Displays logging settings on the device, as well as the number of messages logged.
