Nervous Tissue Cont'd Flashcards
What are the two systems used in slow transport in the anterograde system?
Sca- pre assembled microtubules and neurofilaments
Scb-enzymes, actin, and clathrin
What is the intermediate rate in anterograde transportation?
Mitochondria and other membrane bound organelles.
What is fast transport in anterograde transport?
Synaptic vesicles and neurotransmitters.
What is retrograde transportation?
Movement from the terminal axon to the cell body. And it utilizes dyenin.
What does retrograde transportation carry?
Endocytosed materials and recycled proteins.
Ex: herpes virus hides in the cell body
What are glial cells?
Support system for the central and peripheral nervous system.
What are astrocytes? And what are their types?
A type of glial cell found in the CNS. They have processes that terminate on a pilloried or pia mater.
2 types:
Fibrous astrocytes:
Found in white matter- long processes and few branches.
Protoplasmic astrocytes: found in gray matter-short processes and many short branches.
What are the functions of astrocytes?
- regulate intercellular environment
- structure
- blood-brain barrier
- development of cerebral cortex (forming layers on outside of brain)
- potassium sink
- secretion of neuron tropic factors (development of neurons)
- uptake/metabolism of neurotransmitters
- help form noncollagenous scar tissue after injury to CNS
What three things contribute to the blood-brain barrier?
The continuous basement membrane of epithelial capillaries, tight endothelial cells of capillaries and infeet of astrocytes.
What are oligodendrocytes’ function and where are they found?
They are in the CNS
Function:
-Closely associated with neuron cell bodies in gray matter and act as satellite cells (protection from damage)
- surround axons of un myelinated fibers in gray matter
- myelinate axons in the CNS
- each oligodendrocyte myelinated several axons.
What is anterograde transport? And what does it utilize?
The direction of transport is from cell body end to distal end of axon. And it utilizes kinesin.
What are Schwann Cells and where are they found?
Glial cells that myelinate axons in the CNS.
-Each Schwann Cell myelinated a section of an axon.
What are microglial cells and where are they found?
They are found in the PNS
Function:
-Phagocytotic
-recruits leukocytes across blood-brain barrier
-modulate initiation and progression of immune responses along with astrocytes.
