Nervous systems

Question 1

Sensory

Answer 1

Afferent

Question 2

Motor

Answer 2

Efferent

Question 3

The central nervous system is made up of?

Answer 3

The brain, the spinal cord

Question 4

The peripheral nervous system is made up of?

Answer 4

The somatic nervous system, the autonomic nervous system (sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems)

Question 5

CNS function?

Answer 5

Process information received through the sensory systems + body.
Activate responses.

Question 6

Structure of the spinal cord?

Answer 6

Cable-like column of nerve fibres that extends from the brainstem at the base of the brain to the lower back. (Encased in vertebrae of 31 segments)

Question 7

Spinal cord functions?

Answer 7

Transmitting motor messages (receives info from the brain and sends it to relevant parts of the body)
Transmitting sensory messages (receives info from the body (PNS) and sends to the brain)
A spinal reflex.

Question 8

Peripheral nervous system function?

Answer 8

To connect the CNS to the rest of the body.

Question 9

What does the Somatic Nervous system do?

Answer 9

Carries sensory info (from receptor sites) to the CNS and
motor info from the CNS (to skeletal muscles).

Question 10

What is the Autonomic Nervous System?

Answer 10

Carries messages between the CNS and the internal organs and glands.
Regulates the functioning of internal organs automatically.
Heartrate, Breathing, Digestion, Salivation, etc.

Question 11

What does the sympathetic system do?

Answer 11

Arouses the body in times of experiences an extreme emotion, feels threatened or suddenly experiences stress.
Quickly arouses the body for an immediate response in an emergency and controls the flight-fight-freeze response.

Question 12

What does the parasympathetic system do?

Answer 12

Helps to maintain homeostasis and counterbalances the sympathetic system (restores body to a state of calm).

Question 13

Sympathetic system specifics

Answer 13

Adrenal medulla secretes adrenaline and noradrenaline:
- increase heart rate, blood pressure and breathing rate.
- pupils dilate.
- sweat glands increase production
- digestive process is slowed

Question 14

Parasympathetic system specifics

Answer 14

Maintains normal bodily functions. Reverses the effects of the SNS and returns the body’s internal systems to their natural levels.
- Heart rate decreases, pupils