Nervous system Special senses.

Question 1

4 organs and functions that make up the special senses?

Answer 1

• Eye – sight
• Ear - hearing and balance
• The taste buds – taste
• Olfactory receptors in nose – smell

Question 2

6 accessory organs to the eye

Answer 2

• Eyelids
• Eyelashes
• Tarsal glands
• Conjunctiva
• Lacrimal apparatus
• Extrinsic eye muscles

Question 3

How do the feeding habits of an individual relate to eye placement on the head?

Answer 3

Predators have binocular vision for depth perception.

Prey have monocular vision for a wider range of view (safety, survival.)

Question 4

What are the two types of vision?

Answer 4

Monocular and binocular.

Question 5

What does the iris do?

Answer 5

Controls the constriction and dilation of the pupil.

Question 6

What does the ciliary body do?

Answer 6

It is the muscle that controls the shape of the lense.

Question 7

What is the retina?

Answer 7

it is the layer that contains the rods and cones.

Question 8

What is the vitreous humor?

Answer 8

The fluid that covers the posterior layer of the inner eye.

Question 9

What is tapetum lucidum?

Answer 9

It allows the animal to see more clearly in dim light.

Question 10

What is aqueous humor?

Answer 10

watery fluid in the front of the eye.

Question 11

What is the sclera?

Answer 11

Tough outer layer of the eye.

Question 12

Difference between rods and cones

Answer 12

Rods are sensitive to light, cones are sensitive to colour.

Question 13

What are the functions of the ear?

Answer 13

Balance, hearing.

Question 14

The 3 external parts of the ear?

Answer 14

Pinna, external auditory canal, tympanic membrane.

Question 15

The three parts of the middle ear?

Answer 15

Ossicles, eustachian tube, tympanic bulla.

Question 16

What are the three parts of the inner ear?

Answer 16

Semicircular canals, vestibule, and cochlea.

Question 17

The function of the pinna

Answer 17

Channel sound into the ear.

Question 18

The function of the external auditory canal (2)

Answer 18

Channels sound to the tympanic membrane, wax production.

Question 19

What are the glands that produce wax in the external auditory canal?

Answer 19

Sebaceous glands.

Question 20

What are the functions of the tympanic membrane (2)

Answer 20

To separate the outer and middle ear, vibrating sound.

Question 21

What is the function of the ossicles?

Answer 21

To transmit sound from the outer ear into the inner ear.

Question 22

What are the three ossicles in order?

Answer 22

the malleus, incus, and stapes in the ear.

Question 23

What is the function of the eustachian tube?

Answer 23

To relieve pressure when barking or swallowing.

Question 24

What is the function of the tympanic bulla?

Answer 24

Separates middle and inner ear.

Question 25

What are the functions of the semicircular canals?

Answer 25

The three semicircular canals are on different planes so we maintain balance and orientation while moving etc.

Question 26

What is the name of the fluid in the semicircular canals, how does it help our brain to sense movement?

Answer 26

Endolymph, by washing over sensory cilia as we move.

Question 27

What are the vestibules? What do they contain (2)?

Answer 27

Two sac-like spaces responsible for processing head position, filled with endolymph fluid and lined with sensory epithelium (macula).

Question 28

What does the cochlea contain?

Answer 28

The organ of Corti - the hearing organ.