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PSYC 4300 - Psychophysiology > Nervous System Pt 1 > Flashcards

Nervous System Pt 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the CNS consist of?

A

Brain, Spinal cord

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2
Q

What does the spinal cord do?

A

Connects brain and peripheral nervous system

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3
Q

What is the peripheral nervous system?

A

Carries messages to and from the CNS

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4
Q

2 parts of PNS

A

Somatic nervous system
Autonomic nervous sustem

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5
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Controls voluntary muscles and transmits sensory information to the CNS

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6
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Controls involuntary body functions

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7
Q

2 parts of autonomic nervous system

A

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

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8
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Arouses body to expend energy

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9
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Calms body to conserve and maintain energy

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10
Q

Features of the nervous system:
Anterior/Rostal

A

Front

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11
Q

Features of the nervous system:
Posterior/caudal

A

Back

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12
Q

Dorsal

A

Top

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13
Q

Ventral

A

Bottom

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14
Q

Lateral

A

Toward the side

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15
Q

Medial

A

Toward the middle

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16
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Same side

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17
Q

Contralateral

A

Opposite side of

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18
Q

Two hemispheres
Adult human brain weight and cortex thickness?

A

Right and left
~3 lbs, ~3mm

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19
Q

Each hemisphere controls the

A

Opposite half of the body

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20
Q

Support and Protection:
Dura mater

A

Tough, flexible outermost meninx

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21
Q

Arachnoid membrane

A

Middle layer of the meninges

22
Q

Subarachnoid space

A

Between arachnoid and pia, filled with CSF

23
Q

Pia mater

A

Last layer of the meninges, which adheres to the surface of the brain

24
Q

Set of interconnected chambers filled with CSF (5)

A

Lateral Ventricles
Third ventricles
Cerebral aqueduct
Fourth ventricle
Choroid plexus

25
Q

Choroid plexus

A

Manufactures CSF

26
Q

Supply blood to the brain

A

Two carotid and two vertebral arteries

27
Q

Connect at the base of the brain and branch off into the: (3)

A

Anterior cerebral artery
Middle cerebral artery
Posterior cerebral artery

28
Q

Forebrain:
Ventricle
Subdivision
Principal structures (3)

A

Lateral, Third
Telencephalon, Diencephalon
Cerebral Cortex, basal ganglia, limbic system

29
Q

Midbrain:
Ventricle
Subdivision
Principal structure

A

Cerebral aqueduct
Mesencephalon
Tectum tegmentum

30
Q

Hindbrain:
Ventricle
Subdivision
Principal structures (3)

A

Fourth
Mesencephalon, myelencephalon
Cerebellum, pons, medulla oblongata

31
Q

Forebrain
Telencephalon

A

Cerebral cortex
Basal ganglia
Limbic system

32
Q

What are the different lobes?

A

Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal

33
Q

Basal ganglia

A

Set of structures involved in processing information for motor movement

34
Q

Major structures of the basal ganglia motor system (3)

A

Caudate nucleus, Putamen, globus pallidus

35
Q

Limbic system

A

Set of structures involved in learning, memory, and emotion

36
Q

Major structures of the limbic system include: (5)

A

Limbic cortex
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Fornix
Mammillary bodies (part of hypothalamus)

37
Q

Diencephalon parts (4)

A

Thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland

38
Q

Midbrain, mesencephalon

A

Tectum and tegmentum

39
Q

Pons (3)

A

Connects forebrain to hindbrain, contains part of the reticular formation and is involved in sleep and arousal, controls rate of breathing

40
Q

Cerebellum

A

Appears as a mini brain and is involved in motor coordination. Coordinates timing of muscle groups to produce fluid movements

41
Q

Medulla (4)

A

Life-sustaining functions (heart rate, breathing, swallowing)
Controls coughing and sneezing reflexes
Transfers messages to and from brain and spinal cord
Continuous with spinal cord

42
Q

Reticular formation (2)

A

Distributed throughout the core of the brainstem from the medulla into the midbrain
Plays a fundamental role in arousal and consciousness

43
Q

Somatic nervous system:
Cranial nerves

A

Blue- sensory
Red-motor

44
Q

Spinal nerves
Dorsal
Ventral

A

Dorsal- sensory
Ventral- motor

45
Q

Dorsal (sensory) is

A

Afferent

46
Q

Ventral (motor) is

A

Efferent

47
Q

Sympathetic nervous system:

A

Fight or flight response

48
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system:

A

Rest and digest

49
Q

Parasympathetic nerves

A

Constrict pupils
Stimulate saliva
Constrict airways
Slow heartbeat
Stimulate activity of stomach
Inhibit release of glucose
Stimulate gallbladder
Stimulate activity of intestines
Contract bladder
Promote erection of genitals

50
Q

Sympathetic nerves

A

Dilate pupils
Inhibit salivation
Relax airways
Increase heart beat
Inhibit activity of stomach
Stimulate release of glucose
Inhibit gallbladder
Inhibit activity of intestines
Secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine
Relax bladder
Promote ejaculation and vaginal contractions

PSYC 4300 - Psychophysiology (9 decks)

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