Cardiovascular System Pt 2

Question 1

Performance and Heart Activity
Nonstrenuous activity (ex: simple RT (reaction time))

Answer 1

No relationship between HR and RT

Question 2

Complex motor activity
As proficiency increases,

Answer 2

HR decreases

Question 3

HR increase

Answer 3

Goes beyond the metabolic requirement

Question 4

Orienting response

Answer 4

HR decreases

Question 5

Defensive response

Answer 5

HR increases

Question 6

Subjects who feared spiders vs Control subjects (2)

Answer 6

HR increases for those who feared compared to controls
No difference between groups for neutral stimuli

Question 7

HR and Affective Processes
Hans Selye

Answer 7

Stress: nonspecific body response to any demand for change

Question 8

Under threat of shock (2)
Phasic
Tonic

Answer 8

Phasic HR decreases a few seconds before the shock
BUT Tonic HR increases over the course of a few minutes

Question 9

Tasks with varying levels of difficulty

Answer 9

HR and stress ratings increase as a function of task
Mental Arithmetic
Mirror Drawing- moderate to high HR

Question 10

Emotional response
Negative emotions

Answer 10

Anger, fear, disgust, sadness

Question 11

Positive emotions

Answer 11

Happiness and surprise

Question 12

In general, larger increases in HR to

Answer 12

Anger, fear, and sadness

Question 13

HR activity lasts longer after

Answer 13

Negative than positive emotions
(Possibly due to rumination)

Question 14

In real life situations
Negative emotions elicit

Answer 14

greater cardiovascular reactivity (CVR)

Question 15

Emotional Response diagram

Answer 15

Brain
Autonomic nervous system
Stress ➡️ Sympathetic NS (Survival) ➡️ HRV decrease (LT: chronic stress and illness)
Rest ➡️ Parasympathetic NS (Growth and Repair) ➡️ HRV increase (LT: increased resilience and performance)

Question 16

Heart rate variability
Higher HRV (2)

Answer 16

Less physiologically stressed
Ready to perform

Question 17

Lower HRV (2)

Answer 17

More physiologically stressed
Tiredness

Question 18

CVR, Personality and Social Factors
Personality type (2)

Answer 18

Type A- Impatient, competitive, hostile
Type B- Relaxed, little aggressive drive, not in a hurry

Question 19

In general
Type A

Answer 19

Higher HR during task performance BUT when tasks involve competition, harassment, or challenge NOT during tasks such as CPT (continuous performance test- press button)

Question 20

Study
Type As told that HR reduction was a rare ability

When told that it was a common ability

Answer 20

Type As decreased more than Type Bs

Type As decreased less than Type Bs

Question 21

Have also been linked to CVR

Answer 21

Hostility and anger

Question 22

Subjects high on hostility have

Answer 22

Higher HR and take longer to return to baseline

Question 23

Social factors (combatting loneliness)
Social support

Answer 23

Linked to lower CVR even under long term stress

Question 24

One study on family caregivers (avg of 8 years of care) of Alz patients

Answer 24

Those with high social support showed lower CVR compared to those low in social support

Question 25

College age students

Answer 25

Those instructed to recruit a friend to accompany them during an experiment (mental arithmetic and concept formation) showed lower CVR than those who went alone