Nervous System Diseases Flashcards
Meningitis
Inflammation of meninges, membranes covering brain and spinal cord
Sx- unchallenged rigidity, fever, headache, vomiting
Hemiplegia
Result of stroke
Sx - paralysis on one side of body
Paraplegia
Result of severing of spinal cord in lower back or sacrum
Sx - inability to move legs, may have bowel and bladder dysfunction
Quadriplegia
Result in severing of spinal cord in upper thoracic or cervical area
Sx - inability to move arms and legs, may have respiratory dysfunction
Encephalitis
Inflammation of brain
Sx - headache, fever, confusion
Cerebral vascular accident
Stroke
Blockage of vessel or bleeding into brain prevents oxygen getting to the brain tissue
Sx - malfunctions is the portion of brain that deprived of circulation
Herniated disc
Protrusion of nucleus purposes against spinal cord
Sx - pain that radiates down leg
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Deterioration of motor neurons
Poliomyelitis
Viral infection that leads to weakened muscles
Transient ischemic attack
Brief interludes of confusion often precedes CVA
Hydrocephalus
Enlargement of head due to accumulated fluid in ventricles of brain
Expressive aphasia
Inability to form words
Receptive aphasia
Inability to understand what is being said
Epilepsy
Abnormal electrical activity of brain
Cerebral palsy
Damage to brain that causes motor or balance problems
Intracerebral hematoma
Accumulation of blood within the brain tissue due to trauma to head or spontaneous rupture of blood vessel
Subdural hematoma
Accumulation of blood due to tear in meninges layer
Concussion
Headache, vomiting, damage to brain tissue due to closed head trauma
Alzheimer’s disease
Progressive degeneration thought to be due to plaque and tangles of brain tissue leading to regression of ability to think
Parkinson’s disease
Progressive neurological disease with resulting tremors, shuffling gait, rigidity
Multi-infarct dementia
Brain damage from chronic ischemia
Encephalitis
Brain damage from chronic ischemia
Bell’s palsy
Temporary fasciae paralysis caused by virus damaging the VII cranial nerve (facial)
Trigeminal neuralgia
Severe spasm of V cranial nerve (trigeminal)
