Nervous system and Neurons Flashcards
What is the function of the anterior pituitary gland?
Neuropeptides release peptides to stimulate secretagogues to release hormones in circulatory system
What is the function of posterior pituitary gland?
Neuropeptides are released straight into posterior pituitary, release peptides into circulatory system
What neuropeptides does the posterior pituitary gland release?
nonapeptides vasopression and oxytocin
How does the general feedback loop in the hypothalamus work?
Hypothalamus releases hormone to stimulate anterior/posterior pituitary gland, gland releases stimulating hormone to target, reaches targeted cells and gives feedback.
How does the hypothalamus cause adrenalin?
Stimulates the pituitary to release ACTH to the kidneys, which go to targeted organs
What is the difference between adrenal cortex and medulla?
Adrenal cortex releases hormones with stress response. Medulla releases hormones with fight or flight response.
How is milk produced post baby for women?
Oxytocin is released and induces myoepithelial cells to contract and release milk
What hormone produces induced stress?
catecholamine
What is an exogenous rhythm?
Rhythms generated as a result of processes occurring outside the body
What is an endogenous rhythm?
Rhythms that arise as a result of processes occurring within the organism
What controls circadian rhythms?
suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)
What are the two autonomic systems? Functions?
sympathetic and parasympathetic. They maintain homeostasis and do basic physiological processes. Are opposite– like fight or flight vs rest and digest
What happens in the preganglionic phase in nerve connections?
Sympathetic system in the spinal cord, parasympathetic in lower spinal cord, both secrete acetylcholine.
What happens in the postganglionic phase in nerve connections?
Sympathetic system secretes norepinephrine and are adregenic fibers. Parasympathetic system secretes acetylcholine and are cholinergic fibers
What does the mesoderm form?
Connective tissues, muscle, and vascular system
What does ectoderm form?
Gut, lungs, liver…
Afferent transduce information via?
The dorsal root of the spine
What sends info from the brain?
Nerves
What sends info to the brain?
Neurons
What does the Golgi stain do?
Labels entire neuronal components
What does the Nissl stain do?
Identifies neuron populations, nucleus and discrete anatomical regions
What are the components of the Neuron Doctrine?
Neuron unit and specialization, neuron fibers– outgrowth of neuron, neuronal contacts, dales law.
What is Dale’s law?
Each neuron has a specialized chemical
What is the resting potential?
A product of the electrical difference between extracellular and intracellular solutions
