Immunology Flashcards
What is a node and a lymph?
A node is an intersecting point and a lymph is a colorless fluid containing white blood cells.
What enzymes are a part of inflammation?
Histamine, Peptides, Cytokines, Chemokine’s.
The three white blood cells in immune response?
Neutrophils, Macrophages, Dendritic cells.
What is the complement phase in the innate immune response?
A cascade of proteins in the serum are activated by an antibody that increases inflammation and can kill pathogens or attract other immune cells.
What are Neutrophils?
Most abundant white blood cell, recruited by inflammation, are short lived
What are macrophages?
They develop in tissues, from precursors. They are long lived.
What are dendritic cells?
Develop in tissues, from precursors. Carry proteins to lymph nodes. Activate adaptive immune response.
What is the humoral adaptive immune response?
Antibody mediated extracellular attack, B cells mature in bone marrow.
What is the cell mediated adaptive immune response?
Intracellular attack, T cells mature in thymus.
What is the clonal selection theory?
B cells and T cells need so many different receptors in an immune system.
Components of Cell mediated response?
T-cells help B cells, manage the response. Also help cytotoxic T cells.
What MHC does T Cell CD4 help? What MHC does CD8 help.
MHC 2. MHC 1.
What signals are needed to activate T Cells?
Antigens presented in MHC, Surface molecule costimulation, cytokines- soluble molecules.
What do cytotoxic cells do?
Bind to class 1 MHC on an infected cell and kill it by secreting proteins or engaging death receptors.
What does variolation mean?
Immunity after deliberate exposure to controlled infection
What are subunit vaccines?
Isolated antigens from cultivated virus to make antibodies.
