Food and Digestion Flashcards
Two groups found in standard fatty acid structure?
Methyl group and carboxyl group - CH3 and COOH
Roles of Essential Fatty Acids?
Growth and development, Cell membranes, biologically active compounds
Roles of B Vitamins?
Release energy from carbs and fats, catalyze formation of red blood cells, protein and amino acid metabolism.
Main sites for secretion?
Mouth, Pancreas, Liver, Stomach
Structure of the GI Tract wall?
Serosa, Muscularis externa, submucosa, mucosa
What vitamins are water soluble?
B Bitamins and Vitamin C
What are fat soluble vitamins?
Vitamins A, D, E, and K
Function of Vitamin C?
Important in connective tissue and wound healing. An anti-oxidant
Function of Vitamin A?
Controls epithelium in mucous secreting structures, eye and oral health, bone remodeling
Function of vitamin K?
Catalyzes synthesis of prothrombin in liver factors
Function of Vitamin E?
An anti-oxidant, stabilizes cell membranes
Function of Vitamin D?
promotes calcium/phosphate absorption. Repair and formation of bone.
What is pancreatic juice stimulated by?
The release of CCK and secretin from small intestine
Function of Bile?
Emulsification of fat particles by forming micelles
Main functions of small intestine?
Mixing secretions from pancreas and liver, further digestion and absorbtion
What enzymes are in the mucosa of the small intestine?
Peptidases, Lactase, sucrase, maltase.
How are proteins digested?
Starts in stomach with pepsin, moves to small intestine with trypsin, moves to brush border
How are fats digested?
By emulsification with mixes like fatty acids, bile, proteins…
How are fats absorbed?
At the brush border and with Micelles with pancreatic lipase
What does peristalsis mean?
Smooth muscle contractions that move food through the alimentary canal.
