Nervous System Flashcards
Branch of nervous system compose of brain and spinal cord
CNS
Responsible for high intelligence based activities, five senses.
CNS
Serves as the main highway for the conduction of impulses and message from the brain to various parts of the body and vice versa
Spinal cord
Latin Language = “a bridge”
Connects the cerebral cortex to the medulla; center of communication and coordination between the two hemisphere
Pons
Controls involuntary functions like respiration, digestion, swallowing and sneezing; bridge signals from the spinal cord to the various parts of the brain
Medulla oblongata
Coordinates movement and balance; monitors motor commands from the cerebrum
Cerebellum
Secretion of melatonin; controls emotions; connects limbic system to the other brain parts (Sleep-wake cycle)
Epithalamus
Relays sensory impulses to and from the cerebral cortex
Thalamus
Servers as the body’s thermostat; regulates hunger, sleep, thirst, sexual urges and mating behavior, flight or flight response and pleasure; controls the anterior pituitary gland in secreting hormones
Hypothalamus
Controls and regulates perception, thinking, voluntary movement and learning
Cerebrum/
Cerebral Cortex
Carries messages to and from the CNS
PNS
PNS is made up of 8_____, 12_____,5_____ and 4______nerves.
8 Cervical
12 Thoracic
5 Lumbar
4 Sacral
Network of nerves in the body
Plexus
Plexus grouped into cervical (__),brachial (__), lumbar (__), and lumbosacral (__)
Cervical (C1 - C5)
Brachial (C5 -T12)
Lumbar (T12 - L4)
Lumbosacral ( L4 - S4)
Sense the stimuli from the external environment and relays in to the CNS for processing.
Sensory neurons
*Going to Motor neurons
Responsible to all the voluntary activities of the body.
Somatic NS
Responsible for transmitting impulses away from the area where you received the stimulus to the CNS
Receive stimuli from external environment and relay to CNS for processing
Sensory/Afferent neurons
Responsible for the conductance of motor reflexes from the CNS to the area where the impulses was received
Receive stimuli from CNS and relay to site for execution of response/reaction
Motor/Efferent neurons
Responsible to all the involuntary activities of the various organ system in the body.
System responsible for breathing. beating of the heart, pattern of wake and sleep to name a few.
Autonomic NS
System that facilitates actions such as increasing alertness, heart rate, and dilation of bronchial tubules to increase air flow to the lungs.
Stimulates sweat glands and the adrenal medulla to secrete epinephrine/adrenaline.
Inhibits intestinal motility and dilates blood vessels of skeletal muscles to increase blood flow
Adrenergic NS
Sympathetic NS
Fight or flight response
System constricts bronchial tubules to decrease airflow to the lungs and stimulates the secretion of salivary mucus. Stimulates intestinal motility and secretion to promote digestion.
Parasympathetic NS
Cholinergic NS
Rest and Digest
Parasympathetic Responses
DUMBBELLS (Diarrhea, urination, miosis, bradycardia, bronchospasms, emesis, lacrimation, lethargy, salivations, sweating)
Specialize cells in the NS that process information
Neurons
Transmits signals towards the cell body
Dendrites
Transmits signals away from the cell body; connects to other neurons
Axon
